Martenitsa

Typical Martenitsa

Martenitsa (Bulgarian: мартеница, boɔloo la [ˈmartɛnit͡sa]; Macedonian: мартинка, romanized: martinka; Greek: μάρτης, romanized: mártis; Romanian: mărțișor; Albanian: verore) e la bonsu bili velaa, ka ba maŋ de gyɛleŋ pelaa aneŋ gyɛleŋ zeɛ maale neŋ kyɛ ka a maŋ yiniŋ kɔŋtɔŋbilii, ka a gyɛleŋ pelaa waa dɔɔ kyɛ ka a boŋ zeɛ meŋ la pɔge. Ba maŋ su la Martenitsi a yi a Baba Marta bebiri(Maakye 1) a waana ka a susuuro wa te nyɛ nyuuli kpoŋ dɛŋdɛŋ soba, bee vɔle, bee ba yiri te bili velaa kaŋa banaŋ boɔla blossoming tree (bee a waana Maakye kyuu baaraa (Kyɛpire 1)). A holidee yuori muni la "Maakye naa" (Grandma March) naŋ be Bulgarian aneŋ Macedonian, a holidee aneŋ a Martenitsi suubo waa la Bulgarian aneŋ Macedonia deme yipɔge a maŋ tuoho a kyuu paalaa neŋ enyuo, a ko Bulgarian aneŋ Macedonian deme eŋ ka a bebiri maŋ piili a Maakye kyuu. Sɛgre naŋ sɛge a yuoni 2017 poɔ a yi a UNESCO sɛŋ naŋ are ko a Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity wulo la a.

Yɛlɛ o naŋ wulo

Martenitsa maŋ taa la daare kɔŋtɔŋbilii ayi ka nansaalaa boɔla ka "wool dolls", a kɔŋtɔŋbilii la Pizho aneŋ Penda (Bulgarian: Пижо и Пенда). Pizho, la a kɔŋtɔŋbilidɔɔ, maŋ waa la boŋ pelaa; Penda, meŋ la a kɔŋtɔŋbilipɔge, a maŋ su goŋdoŋ kyɛ waa zeɛ meŋ.

A woobo boma pelaa aneŋ zeɛ wulo la laaŋfeeloŋ. Ba bayi ŋa maŋ waana la duoro kyaare Nyɔvɔ paalaa yɛlɛ a kyuu paalaa poɔ. Pelaa waaloŋ maŋ wulo la pɛgeyiloo kyɛ ka a zeɛ meŋ wulo Nyɔvɔre aneŋ boɔbo nombo , yɛlɛ muno bambo noba mine maŋ yeli a, a yi o piiloŋ poɔŋ. A yɛlɛ eraa ŋa na baŋ maŋ wulo la noba ka baŋ ka Nyɔvɔre puoriŋ kuuŋ meŋ la maŋ wa, lɛ ŋa na baŋ vɛŋ la ka bɛoloŋ aneŋ soŋ tombo zaa ta zuli taa. Aneŋ meŋ enyuo ne pusaaŋ zaa be nensaalaa Nyɔvɔre poɔ. Martenitsa la wulo la ma waaloŋ, a pelaa maŋ wulo la sakubie ŋa naŋ maŋ yire saazu lere ka nansaalaa boɔla ka snow nyɛlebo veɛloŋ kyɛ ka zeeloŋ meŋ wulo ŋmenaa kpeɛbo, ŋa naŋ maŋ zeɛ yaga a waana nansaalaa kyuu spring baaraa saŋa. A naaŋmene boŋ-iri ayi ŋa la nensaalaa nyɔvore voorɔ gyɛgera. Ba naŋ manna a te kyaare dɔɔloŋ ne pɔgeloŋ wulo la ka nyɔvore zaa ba seɛ o tɔ.

Yipɔge yɛlɛ

Martenitsi tied to a blossoming tree, a symbol of approaching spring

Another tied Martenitsa

Blossoming Magnolia full of tied Martenitsi

Yipɔge yelituuri wulo ka ba maŋ a Martenitsi kyɔɔtaare ka o ba da o meŋaŋ. Ba maŋ de ko la ba nenɔne, zɔmine bee ba nepeɛlehi. A yi kyuu Maakye piiloŋ, ba maŋ su a la lanneŋ ba bonsuuri, bee ŋmaa gyili ba seere bee kɔkɔreŋ lɛɛ ka a susuuro wa te nyɛ ŋmanlee banaŋ boɔla stork bee swallow naŋ leɛ yi sɔre waana, bee teɛ kaŋa ba naŋ boɔla blossoming tree, kyɛ ka o paaŋ iri a Martenitsa bare.

A Bulgarian folklore aneŋ Macedonian Slavic mythology poɔ, a yuori Baba Marta (Bulgarian: Баба Марта, "Grandma March") maŋ pɔ la pɔgenyaaŋaa kaŋa naŋ taa suuri yaga kyɛ iri wieoŋ wieoŋ. Sage diibo naŋ pore la ka ka fooŋ yɛre a Martenitsa zeɛ bee boŋ pelaa, fo maŋ soore la vɛŋ koobo bee nembɔɔ yi Baba Marta sɛŋ. Ba teɛroŋ la ka o na vɛŋe ka a kyuu Winter baare wieoŋ kyɛ ka a kyuu spring wa. Ka ba naŋ wa nyɛ a ŋmanlee ba naŋa boɔla stork bee swallow leɛ waabo wulo ka a kyuu spring waa taɛŋ la kyɛ la wulo ka Baba Marta suuri ba iri kyɛ paaŋ na te pɛne.

Ka anaŋ wa ta ŋaaŋ, ba maŋ yaa la a Martenitsa bare a Bulgaria aneŋ North Macedonia paaloŋ pooreŋ. Noba mine maŋ yaa la a Martenitsa te le mare teere naŋ taa tewɔma nuuri eŋaŋ, lɛ ŋa maŋ ko la teɛ emmaaroŋ aneŋ zunɔɔ, saŋa a susuuro naŋ da yɛre a Martenitsa ne popeɛloŋ zuŋ. Noba mine meŋ maŋ de la o te biŋ bee pare kuurii paree bee muniŋ, ka ba teɛroŋ la ka ka bonvoore bile kaŋa wa peɛle o, lɛ na wuli a soba laaŋfeeloŋ aneŋ zunɔɔ a yuoni poɔ. Ka a bonvooraa wa e donduli bee salindeɛlee, a yuoni naŋ waana na a soba na nyɛ la laaŋfeepoŋ aneŋ zunɔɔ. Nyeraa meŋ taa la ana zunɔɔ ŋa tɔ, kyɛ a tɛɛtɛɛ la ŋa, a soba taa la sɔre ka o toŋ yaga a baŋ toɔŋ nyɛ a zunɔɔ. Ka a bonvooraa wa e badɛre, a soba be la bɔnɔ poɔ, koŋ nyɛ laaŋfeeloŋ aneŋ zunɔɔ.

Martenitsi bonyeni bee boŋyaga yɛrebo waa yeli kpoŋ a yi a Bulgarian aneŋ Macedonian deme yipɔge poɔ. A yɛrebo wɔgre te kyaarɛɛ holidee diibo ne emmaaroŋ aneŋ laaŋfeeloŋ ne nyɔvɔ wogi.

Pampana Martenitsi maŋ taa la yɛloŋ parɛɛ parɛɛ aneŋ gyibee waaloŋ parɛɛ parɛɛ aneŋ bosonne yaga gba.

O yizie

A yɛlɛ ŋa waa la nimizeɛ yaga a Bulgaria yipɔge poɔ, kyɛ a la waa nimizeɛ ko North Macedonian deme aneŋ Greece, Albania, Romania aneŋ Moldova deme zaa meŋ. A yipɔge ŋa yelituuri te yi a Balkan Peninsula dabaŋkroŋ aneŋ noba zaa naŋ de ba koɔbo yɛlɛ nimizeɛ. Yɛlɛ mine eebo agaŋaa zaa, a boŋ pelaa de le seɛŋ aneŋ a boŋ zeɛ zaa yɛlɛ ŋa te wulo la Thracian bee Hellenic bee Roman deme yeli kori eebo ka fooŋ kaa soŋ.

Noba mine ba naŋ boɔla ethnographers yeli ka a yɛlɛ eebo te yi la a Eleusinian Mysteries. A Greek deme nenkori aneŋ a pamapana deme "martis" la ka ba teɛrɛ ka ona la a kroke. A yeli eraa ŋa yuori pore la a photios' Lexicon. Ba yeli ka a bagebogreba ka nansaalaa maŋ boɔle ka priests [μύσται] la ka ba maŋ vili ne tanzeɛ [κρόκη] ba nu duri aneŋ gbɛre. A saŋa na, tanzeɛ la ka ba maŋ de guro ba biiri aneŋ dɔɔbilii ne pɔgeyaare a yi soɔbare aneŋ nenfaare eŋa.

A yi a 20th-century piiloo a Bulgarian sensellɛ te kyaare a Martenitsi dɛŋdɛŋ soba wa tɔ a 7th-century Ongal zɔɔre ŋa naŋ zɔɔ yi a Bulgar Khan Asparuh aneŋ Byzantines, ka a Bulgar da nyɛ zunɔɔ. Saŋa na a zɔɔre naŋ wa zɔɔ baare, ka a Asparuch paaŋ toɔle ŋmangbagbaa ne duoro naŋ be zɛleŋ pelaa poɔ a wulo ba zunɔɔ a zɔɔre poɔ ko o sogyɛre lambozikpoŋ. A zɛleŋ pelaa ŋa paale la zeeŋ a yi zɔɔre poɔ, ka lɛ waaneŋ a Martenitsa dɛŋdɛŋ soba.

leɛ kaa kyɛ meŋ

• Baba Marta
• Mărțișor