Gagaku
| Subclass of | East Asian court ceremonial music, traditional Japanese music  |
|---|---|
| Country of origin | Japan |
| Intangible cultural heritage status | Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity |
| Described at URL | https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/00265, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/00265, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/00265 |
Gagaku (雅楽, lit. "elegant music")[1] waa la a Japanese classical music parɛɛ parɛɛ kaŋa ba dabaŋkroŋ poɔŋ ka ba maŋ yieli kyɛ seɛre gɔɔ pooreŋ. Gagaku da piili la aŋa gɔɔ yieloŋ a Kyoto Imperial Palace poɔ, kyɛ ka o pampana maaloo eŋ yi a Heian period (794–1185) saŋa na aŋa 10th century.[2][3] Zine ŋa, noba naŋ seɛrɛ o la a Board of Ceremonies naŋ be aTokyo Imperial Palace poɔŋ.
Gagaku maŋ taa le la deɛne deɛmbo waabo parɛɛ ata[2]:
- Native Shinto religious music aneŋ imperial songs and dance, ka ba boɔla ka Kuniburi no utamai (国風歌舞)
- Vocal music based on native folk poetry, ka ba boɔla ka Utaimono (謡物)
- Songs and dance based on foreign-style music
- A Chinese, Vietnamese aneŋ Indian form (specifically Tang dynasty), ka ba boɔla ka Tōgaku (唐楽)
- A Korean aneŋ Manchurian waabo, ka ba boɔla ka komagaku (高麗楽)
Gagaku, aŋa shōmyō, meŋ maŋ taa la yo scale, pentatonic scale kaŋa naŋ maŋ piili doulo neŋ voori ayi, ata, ayi, ayi, aneŋ ata semitones a kɔkɔre deɛbo bonuu kpakyɛgaŋ.[4] Deɛne maaloo poɔ, o maŋ taa la teɛ teɛ ne a Chinese waabo yayue (雅楽) ŋa naŋ maŋ waa ba tige diibo yieloŋ.[5]
O dabaŋkroŋ[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]
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A gagaku prototype be la a Japan dɛndɛŋ soba ne Buddhism a yi China paaloŋ poɔ. A yuoni 589, Japanese nentegera mine la ka ba iri ka ba gaa China ( Sui dynasty naaŋ wɔgre na) te zanne a Chinese deme yipɔge yɛlɛ mine, ka kaŋa la a Chinese court music. A wa tara 7th century eŋ, ka a koto (a 13-stringed zither) aneŋ a biwa (a short-necked lute) da be la a Japan paaloŋ poɔ a yi China. Boŋ ŋme boma mine, aŋa a ayi ŋa eŋ, da la ka maŋ da ŋmeɛre neŋ a gagaku.
Anaa zaa ka a Japanese yuusee a tɛɛme ŋa, 雅楽 (yǎyuè a yi a Mandarin Chinese deme sɛŋ, ngahngohk a yi a Cantonese deme meŋ sɛŋ), a yieloo na ba naŋ da de yi a China paaloŋ ŋa da waa banquet yieloo (engkau) kyɛ ba waa a tigi yieloo ŋa naŋ yi a Chinese yǎyuè. A te de noba mine yieloo waaneŋ fo paaloo da waa yeli kpoŋ a Tang dynasty wɔgre, kyɛ ka ba da boɔla ana yiele ŋa ka Tōgaku (Tang music). Gagaku yiele ŋa zaa naŋ da wa bibe sɛre kyɛ ko a Tang dynasty wɔgre ŋa la ka ba maŋ boɔla ka kogaku (yieŋ koroo), kyɛ ama naŋ wa a Tang dynasty wɔgre ŋa puoriŋ la ka maŋ da boɔla ka shingaku (yieŋ paalaa). A tɛɛme gagaku meŋa gba da yi la a yuoni 701, saŋa na ba naŋ da waa neŋ a Gagakuryō yieli zanne zie na.[5]
Yiele naŋ yi a Korean kingdom of Goguryeo da sɛge biŋ la a yuoni 453 AD, aneŋ ameŋ a komagaku la ba ba pore ko a Korean yiele zaa, a Goguryeo kingdom la ka ba maŋ boɔla ka Koma a Japanese kɔkɔre poɔŋ. Komagaku aneŋ Tōgaku da maale yi la a southern Japan a Nara period wɔgre ŋa (710–794). A yuonii 736 poɔ, yiele naŋ yi India aneŋ Vietnam meŋ zaa da yi la, ba da boɔla a ka Tenjikugaku (天竺楽) aneŋ Rinyūgaku (林邑楽) a tutaa ŋa poɔŋ.
A yi a Nara wɔgre a 8th century poɔŋ, ba da maŋ deɛŋ la a gagaku aŋa a paaloŋ zaa yeli eroo, a yɛlɛ mine ba naŋ da maŋ erɛ la a Great Buddha of Todai-ji Temple daa baabo, ka ba maŋ deɛnɛ a gagaku naba naŋ lantaa gbulo a ŋmen deri poore.
A yi a 9th century te tɔ a 10th century, a Heian saŋa ŋa, gagaku saaŋkonoŋ yɛlɛ da la paahɛɛŋ, ka vɛŋ ka o waa a Japanese yoŋ yɛlɛ bonso ba te de la a Japan deme koroo yiele meŋ paare o, ka o yɛlɛ do saa. A gagaku waaloŋ da lanne la a Tōgaku, Komagaku, Tenjikugaku aneŋ Rinyūgaku naŋ da yi a Asian paaloŋ mine, ne Kuniburi kyɛ ka utamai ba kyibe,Japanese saaŋkonoŋ yiele, aneŋ utaimono, yiele naŋ da yi a Heian saŋa na. A yi ana saŋa na la ka ba da waane a gagaku yile yaga aneŋ foreign-style gagaku yiele ka ba da leɛ maale kyɛ ko a yo paalaa. Gagaku meŋ da leɛ maale e la, aneŋ meŋ a foreign-style gagaku yiele ka ba da leɛ de eŋ gbulo ka ba boɔla ka Sahō (左方, gɔɔ sɛŋ) aneŋ Uhō (右方, duri sɛŋ). Ba da boɔla la a Chinese, Vietnamese aneŋ Indian meŋ yiele waabo na Sahō, aneŋ Korean aneŋ Manchurian meŋ yiele waaloŋ ka Uhō. Tenjikugaku aneŋ Rinyūgaku meŋ da paahɛɛ a Tōgaku gbuli poɔ.
O boŋ ŋme boma mine[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]
Sasɛ, ŋmiime aneŋ percussion boŋ nme boma da waa a gagaku yiele yienbo nimize boma. A boŋ ŋme boma mine la Haishō, Gogen biwa, Kugo zaa ŋa la ka da iri yi a Heian saŋa kyɛ maale a, ka mine meŋ naŋ be a waabo koroo na a Shōsō-in a Showa Era naaŋ wɔgre.
Saseɛ boŋ ŋme[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]
- Hichiriki (篳篥), oboe
- O-hichiriki (大篳篥)
- Ryūteki (龍笛), boŋ fooraa ba foora tōgaku saŋa
- Shō (笙), noɔre boŋ fooraa
- U (竽), noɔre boŋ foore kpoŋ
- Komabue (高麗笛), boŋ fooraa naŋ waa bile gaŋ ryūteki, naŋ toŋ neŋ a komagaku saŋa
- Azuma-asobi-bue (東遊笛), ka ba la boɔla chukan
- Kagurabue (神楽笛),boŋ fooraa naŋ waa kpoŋ gaŋ ryūteki, naŋ maŋ tonne toma a kuniburi no utamai saŋa
- (Ancient) Shakuhachi (尺八)
- Haishō (排簫), panpipes
ŋmiime[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]
- Gaku Biwa (楽琵琶), 4-stringed lute
- Gogen biwa (五絃琵琶), 5-stringed lute
- Gakusō (楽箏), 13-string zither of Chinese origin
- Kugo (箜篌), angled harp saŋ koroo zaa boŋ kyɛ baŋ leɛre o maale
- Genkan (阮咸)
- Yamatogoto (大和琴, ka ba la boɔla ka wa-gon), zither naŋ yi Japanese deme sɛŋ, neŋ 6 bee 7 ŋmiime
Percussion[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]
- Shōko (鉦鼓), gong bile, ba naŋ maŋ de eelɛ ayi ŋmeɛrɛ neŋ
- Kakko (鞨鼓/羯鼓), hourglass-shaped gaŋgaa bile ba naŋ maŋ de daare ayi ŋmeɛrɛ neŋ
- Tsuri-daiko (釣太鼓), drum on a stand with ornately painted head, played with two padded sticks
- Da-daiko (鼉太鼓), large drums used at festivals
- Ikko (一鼓), small, ornately decorated hourglass-shaped drum
- San-no-tsuzumi (三の鼓), hourglass-shaped drum
- Shakubyoshi (笏拍子, also called shaku), clapper made from a pair of flat wooden sticks
- Hōkyō (方響)
- Suzu (鈴), a bell tree clapper, specific to Mikomai dance performed as Mi-kagura
- Tsuzumi (鼓), hourglass drum, specific to Shirabyōshi dance performed as Mi-kagura
A Western deme yiele naŋ wa laŋ a[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]
Yipɔge zaane naŋ wa laŋ a[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]
Leɛkaa kyɛ meŋ[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aak
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etenraku
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigaku
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagura
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%C3%A3_nh%E1%BA%A1c
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yayue