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Religion in Ghana

Yizie Wikipiideɛ
ŋmempuori Ghana poɔ
religion of an area
Aŋa yitaalombilereligion on the Earth Maale eŋ
Part ofculture of Ghana Maale eŋ
Facet ofGhana Maale eŋ
PaaloŋGhana Maale eŋ

Kirista biiri puoru la e gyamaa a Gaana poɔ kyɛ, ba yageroŋ ta ŋa noba 71.3%, a kirista biiri puoru meŋ la poŋ eŋ la puori tɛɛtɛɛ poɔ. Peɛroo wuli ka 2021 yuoni poɔ kiristo puoru deme la e gyamaa.[1] A yi a be puoriŋ yɛre puoru e la puoruŋ iruu kaŋa meŋ naŋ be a Gaana poɔ, noba naŋ puoru yɛre puoru yageroŋ e la 19.9%. Pew peɛroo wuli ka 51% tuuru la Sunni Islam, 16% meŋ tuuru la Ahmadiyya a wa tɔ pampana, aŋa noba 8% la meŋ tuuru Shia yɛre puoru, kyɛ ka ba kyɛle na meŋ e noba naŋ tuuru yɛre puoru onaŋ yuori naŋ ba yi.[2][3] Saaŋkompare puoru mine aseŋ Akan saakompare puoru[4], ane Dagbon saaŋkompare puoru la e gyamaa[5]. Islam(Yɛre) la e a   Abrahamic puoru danweɛŋ soba naŋ daŋ kpɛ Gaana paaloŋ poɔ.[6] Faaramine naŋ yi tuure paaloŋ la wa ne a Kiristo puoru a Ghana poɔ.[7] Kiristo puoru be la a Gaana kompare seŋ[8], kyɛ ka yɛre[9] puoru meŋ be a Gaana sazu[10] seŋ.[11][12] A yɛre puoru de la yuori a saŋa na Gaana naŋ wa sage de Yaa Naa Zanjina ane ba poɔ zaa a 17th yuomo naŋ pare poɔ.[13][14][15]

Gaana paaloŋ kaŋa naŋ be tatenne kpakyaga poɔ, a paaloŋ bare sori ko neɛzaa ka o soba na baŋ puori puoru na zaa o soba naŋ boɔrɔ, ba maŋ di la, Borenyɛ,  Easter, sala kpoŋ and sala-lee, a tigi ama la e boma Gaana paaloŋ noba sage de ka pɛnnoo wagere ko ba neɛzaa ka gɔbenɛte maŋ bare vuo ko tontonema ka ba te pɛne.[3]

A Yɛlɛ Zu kaabo  

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Peɛroo wuli ka a 2021 puori tɛɛtɛɛ yageroŋ peɛroo a Gaana poɔ,  Pentecostal/charismatic e la noba (31.6% ba yageroŋ la lɛ), Protestant puoru noba yageroŋ (17.4% ba yageroŋ la lɛ). Pew peɛroo wuli ka Yɛre puoru noba la e gyamaa, ba yageroŋ e la 51%, ka noba 16% a Sunni Islam yɛre puoru, ka noba  8% meŋ Ahmadiyya yɛre puoru, kyɛ ka ba kyɛle na eŋ ba taa be ba naŋ be a puoru poɔ.[2][3]

Kiristo puopuoribo maŋ di borenyɛ ane Easter tigiri, ama la meŋ e tigi a gɔbenɛte naŋ sage ka ama seŋ ka o maŋ ko tontonma vuo ka ba te pɛne kyɛ di a tigiri. Yumo naŋ pare, pɛnnoo vuo ama maŋ e la boma ba naŋ maŋ nare a kyaare a tigi. A wagere ama poɔ la maŋ ko noba vuo ka ba toɔ te nyɛ ba yideme ba naŋ bare yiri ka a kɔɔre kyɛ te be tembɛrɛ poɔ.  Ramadan, a sala kyuu ŋa poɔ la ka ba meŋ maŋ leŋ noɔre, A yɛre la maŋ tu  a tuuruŋ ŋa, o e la bone kaŋa naŋ paale saaŋkonnoŋ sagedeebo poɔ ka ba tu yuoni la yuoni  zaa. A tigi ama la Adae ane Odwira tigi dayeni ka a maŋ di a yuoni  poɔ.  Apo tigiri meŋ bebe, a Mardi  Gras maŋ di la tembɛrɛ poore.[3]

Peɛpeɛrebɛ a 2022 peɛroo wuli ka puoru ane baloŋ ba laŋ yelzaa.[16]

A 2020 yuoni poɔ, noba 60% la puoro Pentecostal ane Evangelical puoru a Gaana poɔ.[17]

Larabanga Mosque, built in the 1400s in Northern Ghana[18][19]

Statistiks

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Puori Tɛɛtɛɛ Noba sɔroo

Kiristo puoru Yɛre Saaŋkompare A mine kaŋ Puori tɛɛtɛɛ noɔre
A zaa lantaa Pentecostal/

charismatic

 Protestant  Mine Catholic Kiristo puoru mine
2000 68.8% 24.1% 18.6% 15.1% 11% 15.9% 8.5% 0.7%
2010[20] 71.2% 28.3% 18.4% 13.1% 11.4% 17.6% 5.2% 0.8%
2021[1] 71.3% 31.6% 17.4% 10.0% 12.3% 19.9% 3.2% 4.5% 1.1%

Kiristo

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Atikile meŋɛ:  Kiristo biiri a Gaana poɔ

Nyɛ a mine:  Presbyterian Ŋmendie Ghana poɔ; Methodist Ŋmendie Ghana; Evangelical Presbyterian Ŋmendie, Ghana; Roman Catholicism in Ghana; ane  Province Ŋmendie a West Africa

A kiristo puoru piili la a saŋa a Portuguese noba naŋ wa piili manna a naaŋmene yelbiri.  Basel/Presbyterian ane Wesleyan/Methodist noba daŋ wa piili a puoru a Gaana poɔ. Ba da piili kanna ne la noba a naaŋmene yelbiri. Be la ka ba da wulo a Afrika noba lɛ ba naŋ na e kanne sɛgere a toɔ ŋmɛ a naaŋmene yelbiri yaare. Ba paa da ŋmaa la karendire a wulo noba. Ba da ŋmaa senia hae sakue, ka pɔgeba maŋ taa ba toɔre ka dɔbɔ meŋ taa ba toɔre, a sakue ama paa da maŋ e la a kirista biiri puoru kaŋa soobo bee a e ŋmendie kaŋa soobo. Ŋmendie sakue paa da you laare la a Gaana paaloŋ zaa bonso a Gaana yidaadɔɔ sage de la ka o naŋ ŋmɛ a sane zaa ka ba toɔ e a zannoo do saa, a 1960 zannoo merɛ poɔ la lɛ.[21]

A Kirista puoru yageroŋ lanne la a Presbyterian naaŋmene yelmanneba ane a Katɔli puoru.[21]  The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). A lɛ yoŋ naane ba paa da mɛ ŋmendire Kumasi ane Accra paaloŋ poɔ.[22]

A kiristo puoru noɔre lammo kpaaroŋ ( Ghana Christian Council,)  a Gaana poɔ da piili la 1929,  Methodist, Anglican, Mennonite, Presbyterian, Evangelical Presbyterian, African Methodist Episcopal Zionist, Methodist Church Ghana, Evangelical Lutheran, and Baptist churches, and the Society of Friends, a kiristo puoru ama la lantaa maale a kpaaroŋ ŋa. A kpaaroŋ ŋa ne a tendaazaa kirista kpaaroŋ zaa la laŋ erɛ yɛlɛ. Seventh-day Adventist Church puoru yoŋ la e a kiristo puoru naŋ ba paale a Gaana kirista noɔre lammo poɔ. A puoru ŋa da yuo la a Christian University poɔ.[21]

A  National Catholic Secretariat, da piili la a 1960 yuoni poɔ, a da yuo ofesere a Gaana paaloŋ zaa poɔ. A kiristo kpaaroŋ lammo ŋa yelnyɔgeraa la ka vɛŋ ka naaŋmene yuori do saa, A yelerre zaa da maŋ laŋ ne la a gɔbenɛte ane a paati noba banaaŋ naŋ di naa. A yɛlɛ ama la da erɛ a 1991 yuomo naŋ pare poɔ, a  Conference of Catholic Bishops and the Christian Council of Ghana boɔle la a military government of the Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC). A sɔre ba ka ba leɛ gaa te sage de lɛ a paaloŋ merɛ naŋ sɛge biŋ. A Roman puoru duro karatare da yie la. O kpeɛŋaa zaa dz be la a gɔbenɛte merɛ poɔ.[21][23]

2015 yuoni poɔ, peɛroo wuli ka noba 50,000 yi la a Kirista beiiri puoru poɔ a kpɛ bee a leɛ puoro yɛre puoru, ane ka ba zaa ba e tembiiri.[24]

A kiristo biiri sageddbo yelkpoŋ kaŋa la a yuoni baaroo poɔ, noba maŋ yuo la ba tobo yaga ka ba woŋ bone na a yuoni naŋ taa ko ba. A sagedeebo yɛlɛ ama mine kyaare ne kuu yɛlɛ, ka a mine meŋ kyaare neŋ a kyakya ŋmeɛbo a yi neɛ naŋ na di Gaana yidaadɔɔloŋ dakogi.[25][26][27]

Orange Order

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A Grand Orange Lodge of Ghana la kaara Orange Order yɛlɛ zu a Gaana poɔ, Prostestant Kristo biiri sage deɛ la ka yelmennoo sɛge eŋ la a babole poɔ.[28][29][30] A sagedeebo naŋ tona ne ba la bone na ba naŋ nyɛ a yi neŋ nensaalba yelerre poɔ.[31] A kpaaroŋ ŋa noba da e la nempeɛle yoŋ, a wagere ŋa la paa wa ta ka ba piili derɛ nensɔgelɔ a paala ba poɔ, ba naŋ wa piili erɛ aŋaa la soŋ ka toɔ are do saa. A peɛro wuli ka pampana,a Africa zaa poɔ o na yoŋ la e bone naŋ are ka o yuori a yi do saa. [32][33]Pampana a ba sagedeebo vɛŋ la ka ba tɛ-nyege laare ziezaa ka noba de bayɛlɛ sage di.[34] A Gaana noba paa da kpuuli la ba sagedeebo yɛlɛ zu kyɛ nyɔge ba ne popeɛloŋ, ka noba daa yi a ŋmeɛrɛ naaŋmene yelbiri yaara. A kpaaroŋ yieluŋ, ba bonsuuri ane ba kyɛmmo da e bone kaŋa a Gaana noba naŋ are kpaa kyɛ meŋ kyɔɔle a ba eebo.[35][36]

Syncretic religion (Puoru tɛɛtɛɛ naŋ lantaa).

A  Apostolic bee Pentecostal puoru dire a Gaana paaloŋ zaa, wuli la nnsaaloŋ ane lɛ saaŋkonnoŋ na maŋ tu. A yelerre ama mine wane la gaŋgaa ana yieloŋ kyeɛbo a ko noba bamine tenne mine poɔ, a  independent African ane Pentecostal churches  da leɛ kaa la a nyɛ ka ba noba na mine yelerre do la saa a 1% a gaa 2%, a 1960 yuoni poɔ la lɛ, a 1985 poɔ ba leɛ kaa la ka ba noba na yelerre a la do saa a yi 14% ane 8% ka banaŋ na manne.[37]

Yɛre (Islam )

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Atikile meŋa: Yɛre naŋ be Ghana poɔ

Yɛre puoru tu la a Ghana sazu seŋ a lɛ gɛrɛ a Burkina Faso a kpɛ a Ghana poɔ yuomo tuturi naŋ pare. Berber  boŋkoɔrebo la wa ne yɛre puoru a Ghana poɔ.[21] Yɛre yaga zie zaa a Ghana poɔ kyɛ e la noba naŋ tu Sunni  yɛre puoru, a yi be puoriŋ Maliki sakuuri  la meŋ e yaga tu ba puoriŋ.[38]

Banaŋ naŋ tu Maliki yɛre puoru merɛ ane Safism, banaŋ la lantaa a maale a dɔbɔ yoŋ kpaaroŋ, ona la ka ba boɔlɔ ka (tariq) o na la ka ba maŋ de iri degree zaa bare kyɛ toɔ ŋmɛ a yɛre puotu ka o do saa. A Tijaniyah ane Qadiriyah la lantaa are leɛro. A hmadiyya Muslim Community, a yɛre puoru ŋa yi la a India paaloŋ poɔ, ba ma eŋ a Sunni yɛre puopuoribo kaŋa zaa ba paale ba poɔ.[21]

A noba naŋ kaara a  Muslim Representative Council, la  religious, social, ane economic, a noba ba ma la maaleŋ sɛgere yɛlɛ eŋ a ko yɛre puopuoribo. A Yɛre nɔlaŋ kpaaroŋ wederebɛ la so a  pilgrimages  Mecca gaabo faŋa, banaŋ la maŋ kaa nyɛ ka neɛ ŋa soba taa la a faŋa na baŋ gaa bee a tu a so toɔre ŋa. Wagere mine naŋ pare a kpaaroŋ da ba paale a  pilgrimages Mecca ŋa poɔ. Bonso noba yaga da ba taa toma a ma e ba teɛroŋ ka banaŋ erɛ nyɛ sori a gaa a tuure poɔ a koŋ la wa. Kyɛ a yeli ŋa da kristo puoru sakue yoŋ poɔ A yɛre da zoro la dabeɛŋ ne ba naŋ na de ba biiri te eŋ kristo bee faaramine sakue poɔ, ka a lɛ na vɛŋ la ka ba bare ba puoru kyɛ te puoru kristo puoru.[39]

Saaŋkompare puoru

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Saaŋkompare puoru Ghana poɔ, naŋ taa la a gyeremɛ ne a faŋa, neazaa ka noba maŋ erɛ la seɛ ne yiri  na deme bee bale noba naŋ puoro saaŋkopare puoru. A saaŋkpare puoru meŋ maŋ taa la sagedeebo a ko ba ŋmemɛ aseŋ  (Nyogmo-Ga, Dangme ane Ewe, Nyame-Akan) Ba sage de la ka ba ŋmene ba beri zeyeni azuiŋ ka ba naŋ wa puoru ba maŋ puori ko ba ŋmene daadaalɛ.[37][40]

Ŋmene bilee meŋ bebe, naŋ kaara a yie poɔ, bare poɔ, teere, tanne ane kɔle. A ŋmemɛ ama la peɛle ka ba naaŋmene, ka banaŋ wa puoru a ŋmemɛ ama la ka ba maŋ zo ata a de ba yelwoni a pɔge ne ka paa de gaa pɔge ne a ŋmeŋkpoŋ.[37] Kpeemɛ ane boma yaga paale la ŋmemɛ poɔ ka banaŋ wa puoro a sɔrɔ ba bo bomboɔraa. Ba de la ka a ŋmene e la bonvoora aŋa lɛ ba naŋ e bonvoore na. A bonvoba yelerre mine maŋ iri a ŋmemɛ suuri bee a kpeemɛ suuri, ka anaŋ wa e aŋaa, a yiri kpeemɛ la maŋ soŋ a leɛ maale eŋ a ŋmemɛ ne a bonvoba la nyɔgetaa.[37]

Noba naŋ kpi kuu soŋ a gaa leɛ yiri kpeemɛ taa la fɛro toma yaga saaŋkompare puoru poɔ. Ba sage de la ka a yiri kpeemɛ ne a ba naaŋmene la peɛle taa gaŋ bonzaa.[37] Banaŋ la maŋ toɔ yeli ne a naaŋmene yɛlɛ. Sɛre ka a kpeemɛ ne a ŋmemɛ toɔ yelyele a yiri nembɛrɛ fero toma la ka ba tu ana lesire na, a vɛŋ ka kpeemɛ ane a ŋmemɛ peɛe taa. A puoru tontonnaa kaŋa la, a wagere ama poɔ, a wederebɛ la maŋ de weɛŋ ka a yɛlɛ toɔ maale aseŋ, Odwira, Homowo, bee Aboakyir tigi diibu saŋa, a wagere ŋa poɔ la ka ba maŋ leɛ seŋ a ŋmemɛ.[37]

Soɔloŋ

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Puoru mine naŋ de yuori a Ghana poɔ kyɛ aseŋ  Christianity ane Islam, zaa sage la ka soɔloŋ, nenseɛ, ane sefaare bebe, a saakompare puoru poɔ, ba meŋ sage la ka soɔloŋ bebe. A sagedeebo ŋa bebe a yuomo na poɔ a nenpeɛle naŋ da wa di naaloŋ a ba zu anaŋ wa tɔ zene soɔloŋ naŋ bebe. A kristo gama yaga poɔ, ka fooŋ kanne fo na nyɛ la ka atikile mine bebe a wulo kristo bisoŋ sobie na onaŋ na baŋ tu a zɔɔ ne neɛ naŋ taa soɔloŋ.[41]

A soɔloŋ yelzu maŋ be la yieloŋ poɔ gbɛɛ yaga, ka fooŋ kaa Ghana yieloŋ gyamaa poɔ a soɔloŋ yieloŋ yelzuree ama be la a poɔ.  A yelzu wommo a yieloŋ poɔ yoŋ maŋ vɛŋ la ka fo toɔ baŋ Ghana lamboriŋ na la ka a yieloŋ yi waana bee a yiele a yire. Akan yiele yaga a Ghana poɔ kyɛ ba maŋ meele na Bɔrefɔ, yiele anaŋ yuori do paale ziezaa maŋ manne la wuli lɛ soɔloŋ, daa-nyu ane kuu yeltarre.[41] Yɛlɛ bebe a wuli ka soɔloŋ sereŋ bebe, noba sɛge a la eŋ gama poɔ ka mine be tv duoro Ghana  poɔ. Soɔloŋ e la bone naŋ pore, fo maŋ nyɛrɛ a la ka ba de enne tv, karatare poɔ.[41]

Ghana poɔ kyɛ a soɔloŋ lammo ziiri ta ŋa ziiri ayoɔbo, peɛroo wuli ka pɔgeba naŋ be a soɔloŋ ŋa poɔ ta ŋa noba 1,000, gbɛɛ yaga pɔgeba[42] la ka ba maŋ nyɛ ka ba taa soɔloŋ, ka a yɛlɛ wa moɔ ba zu ba maŋ ɛge la gaa a ba soɔloŋ lmmo zie a na te faa bamine.[43][44]

 Rastafarian religion

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A Rastafari e la noba mine kaŋa naŋ be a  Jamaica, a noba ba ma piili la a 1930s yuomo poɔ. O meŋ e la puoru kaŋa a ko Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia (1930-1974), Aŋa Naaŋmene naŋ la yi, a ayi soba, bee a Yezu kuu leɛ iribu poɔ. A ba sagedeebo la, Haile Selassie la da e a 225th soba banaŋ ba toɔ kare o gbɛɛ a Ethiopian paaloŋ poɔ. A yele ŋa da seŋ ka o piili a 10th century BC by Menelik I, a Yezu bidɔɔ, Biblical King Solomon ane Makeda, a Sheba pɔgenaa, onaŋ da gaa te nyɛ a Solomon a Israel poɔ.[45]

Rastafari  yelnyɔgera kaŋa la sekpeɛŋaa, a baŋ toɔ de bee zagere o meŋɛ a yi a western paaloŋ poɔ, ka o na la ba boɔlɔ “Babylon”. Afrika poɔ ba baŋ o la ka o Zion, a be meŋa la e a ba dɔgebo zie. A ba yelnyɔgra kaŋa naaloŋ, Rastas maŋ nyɛ la ba meŋa ka ba e naa a Afrika noba zu, a maŋ boɔlɔ bamine ka Prinɔe bee Naa (King) ka a e gyeremɛ yoe.

Rastas yaga zie maŋ yeli ka, o ba puoru kaŋa bale,  ka kyɛ o e la nyɔvore kaŋa bale. Kyɛ ka fooŋ kaa ba puoru la naaŋmene boŋyeni ka ba maŋ ka Jah. Rastas nyɛ Jah, ka o e bone ba taa dɛgere, ba nyɛ la ka o naŋ la e ba saa, ba bie kyɛ naŋ e nenseɛ. Rastas yeli ka Jah, e la seeloŋ kaŋa naŋ be ba nensaalba poɔ.

Afrocentrism meŋ e la Rastafari saaŋkonnoŋ kaŋa. Ba wuli la Africa noba mine naŋ be a Ethiopia poɔ be la ka ba boɔlɔ Zion. A Rastafari meŋa yiebu zie la a Africa poɔ. Rastafari taa la nyɔvore dɛgere kaŋa onaŋ ka boɔlɔ “Babylon”,  ba taa la ayelbiri ŋa kyaare a Africa noba, a maŋ de ba ka waa ŋa gbaŋgbaa na. Aneazaa ka Afrocentrism nimizeɛ zaa be nensɔgelɔ eŋɛ, kyɛ ba nyɛ la noba mine naŋ paa a yelluŋ ŋa poɔ a e nenpeɛle. Ba sagedeebo la ka Rasta e la neɛzaa neɛ bee Rasta e la neɛzaa soobo.

A tendaa ŋa poɔ, tenne yaga bebe e Rasta tenne. A Ghana poɔ kyɛ, azagere zaa ko coast, Rastafari yaga ziezaa be la ka ba be puoru ba ŋmene. Rasta teŋɛ kaŋa naŋ be a peɛle Kokrobite, e la zie noba naŋ baŋ a Ghana poɔ kyɛ. Rasta yieluŋ bebe ka boma.

Hinduism

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Atikile meŋa: Hinduism Ghana poɔ.

Hinduism e la yɛlɛ ba naŋ erɛ Ghana poɔ kyɛ a yi 1970s yuomo naŋ pare. Kwasi Esel la wane Hinduism, a dɔɔ ŋa da e la Priest. O da gaa la Asia ka o te di tee a go ne o meŋa.[46] Hinduism e la bona naŋ pore laare a Ghana poɔ zaa, Hindu a Ghana poɔ,  Swami Ghananand Saraswati ane Hare Krishnas. Sathya Sai Organisation, Ananda Marga ane Brahma Kumaris la kaara a Monastery Hindu zu a poɔ kyɛ. Ba da mɛ la ultar Accra poɔ.

Afrikania Mission

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Afrikania Mission e la Neo-Traditional e la bone naŋ bebe a yi 1982 a wa tɔ zene, ona da la a Catholic Priest, Kwabena Damuah, eŋ da ŋmaala o toɔra a yi kristo puoru poɔ, a yuori ba naŋ da ko o la Osofo Okomfo. A ba yelnyɔgeraa la ka ba la maaleŋ African saaŋkonnoŋ eŋ, kyɛ vɛŋ ka  African yuori yi zɛge do saa a meŋ kpɛ Pan-Africanism gama poɔ. Ba na erɛ la lɛ zaa banaŋ na e ka yi a puoru yeni poɔ.  Afrikania da maale la a ba saaŋkoma tebɛ, a tebɛ ŋa la bone naŋ da laŋ ba taa kyɛ e ka ba taa noɔre yeni.

A yele ŋa paa leɛ yelkaŋa ba puori a bpɔlɔ a ŋmendie poore a Ghana zie la ziezaa, aseŋ publications, lectures, seminars, press conferences, ane radio, sinii poɔ, a yelŋa da iri la a ba saaŋkompare ka o yuori yi, ka ba toɔ yuo Africa paaloŋ. Noba yaga da baŋ la ka a Mission na la kaba boɔlɔ AMEN RA (a yele ŋa da maale yi la  Egyptian puoru dema poɔ kyɛ ka o leɛroo pare tɛgɛ naŋ kyaare ŋmene puoru yɛlɛ). Sankofa kpeɛŋaa la ka o kaara a African kyɛ e.

Buddhism

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A 1998 yuoni poɔ,  Nichiren Shoshu aulter a Africa poɔ da yuo la a Aŋkara paaloŋ poɔ. Ghana la taa a Nichiren Shoshu kpoŋ ka fooŋ iri  Japan. A ɔlta ŋa da mɛ la Anyaa-Ablekuma Road naŋ peɛle a Fan Milk Junction a Accra poɔ. Buddhist taa la puoru dibile yaga tembɛrɛ poore.

Irreligion

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           Atikile meŋa: Irreligion a Ghana poɔ.

Atheism ane Agnosticism e la boma naŋ e kpeɛŋaa ka neɛ na baŋ de manne bee pɛre ne taa.

Puoru meŋa kpeɛbo faŋa (Freedom of religion)

[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]

Ghana poɔ kyɛ neɛzaa taa la a faŋa ka o baŋ o de o toɔraa yi ne puoru kaŋa zaa poɔ o naŋ poɔ. A puoru lammo nembɛrɛ da maale la mɛraa kaŋa 1989 poɔ, kyɛ a mɛra ŋa paa da piili tonna la toma a 1989 yuoni poɔ ka ka ba toɔ kaara ŋmendire zu yɛlɛ. Ba paa da maale sɛtefikate kristo puoru na zaa naŋ be a Ghana poɔ kyɛ. A gɔnenɛte da tere la kpeoŋ ka ba naŋ maŋ yɔ la a puoru tɛɛtɛɛ zaa zie a nyɛ ka ba taa la sɛtefikate na eŋ kyɛ puoru a puori balaa na. A puoru nembɛrɛ paa da ŋmɛ lanɔkpeɛne a yeli ka ka gɔbenɛte na biŋ a mɛrɛ ŋa lɛ wuli ka o pegiri ba vuo ka ba ta puori ba naaŋmene a Ghana poɔ kyɛ. A gɔbenɛte meŋ da yeli ka o ba pegiri ba vuo aŋa lɛ ba naŋ teɛrɛ na, a gɔbenɛte yeli ka a ŋa e la bone naŋ na gu ba taa ka ba puoru toɔ gɛrɛ nimitoɔre. A gɔbenɛte naŋ yeli ka a mɛrɛ ŋa la na vɛŋ kanoba de yɛ di a sage ka naaŋmene sereŋ bebe. A PNDC noba wa iri la a mɛrɛ ŋa bare a 1992 yuoni poɔ. Kyɛ a lɛ puoriŋ, kristo puori parɛɛ na zaa da naŋ puoro la ba puoruu a Ghana poɔ.[37]

A 2023 yuoni poɔ, ba da kaa la a nyɛ ka puoru yele gɛrɛ niŋe.[47]

Kaa kyɛ a nyɛ

[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]
  • Abonsam

Sommo Yizie

[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]

 

  1. 1 2 https://census2021.statsghana.gov.gh/gssmain/fileUpload/reportthemelist/2021%20PHC%20General%20Report%20Vol%203C_Background%20Characteristics_181121.pdf
  2. 1 2 https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2012/08/the-worlds-muslims-full-report.pdf
  3. 1 2 3 4 Owusu-Ansah (1994), "Religion and Society".
  4. ↑ https://research.auctr.edu/c.php?g=404402&p=2752856
  5. ↑ https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4214696
  6. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20130512043157/http://www.ghanamuseums.org/ancient-mosques.php
  7. ↑ https://www.jstor.org/stable/41403570
  8. ↑ https://www.arabnews.com/islam-perspective/journey-through-islam-muslims-have-come-well-ghana
  9. ↑ https://yen.com.gh/116562-history-christianity-ghana.html
  10. ↑ https://vu.nl/en/research/the-religious-legacy-of-slavery-and-colonisation
  11. ↑ https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20111018171658455
  12. ↑ http://ir.ucc.edu.gh/jspui/handle/123456789/7446
  13. ↑ https://www.perlego.com/book/3434193/islam-and-the-dagbon-traditional-political-system-na-zanginas-reign-pdf
  14. ↑ http://ir.ucc.edu.gh/jspui/handle/123456789/3305
  15. ↑ https://dagbonkingdom.com/naa-zanjina-history-part-1/
  16. ↑ https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-report-on-international-religious-freedom/ghana/
  17. ↑ https://www.wmf.org/project/larabanga-mosque
  18. ↑ https://haunsinafrica.com/2018/07/24/ghana-historic-mosques-larabanga/
  19. ↑ https://www.google.com/books/edition/Global_Christianity/hdFTEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=christian+families+in+ghana+world+christianity+pentecostal&pg=PA133&printsec=frontcover
  20. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20210109003331/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ghana/
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Owusu-Ansah (1994), "Christianity and Islam in Ghana".
  22. ↑ https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/temples/details/kumasi-ghana-temple?lang=eng
  23. ↑ Hans Werner Debrunner, A history of Christianity in Ghana (Waterville Pub. House, 1967).
  24. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/16338087
  25. ↑ https://www.ghananewssummary.com/video/Q8F5WQ5g1ts
  26. ↑ "🔥 https://www.ghananewssummary.com/video/DoMbmFFozaA
  27. ↑ https://www.ghananewssummary.com/video/NAgdRyUGkAE
  28. ↑ https://doi.org/10.1515/9781399518161
  29. ↑ https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/25-facts-you-may-not-know-about-the-orange-order/41829112.html
  30. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20250930005038/https://www.theboynefoundation.com/plots11-20.php
  31. ↑ https://www.ulster-scots.co.uk/docs/orange/originsghana.htm
  32. ↑ https://www.orangeheritage.co.uk/orange-expansion
  33. ↑ "https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-34088527
  34. ↑ https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p037bs5x
  35. ↑ https://www.thetimes.com/travel/destinations/africa-travel/south-africa/orange-order-finds-african-outposts-30t39sx00mx
  36. ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/nov/06/northernireland.books
  37. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Owusu-Ansah (1994), "Traditional Religion".
  38. ↑ https://www.pewforum.org/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-1-religious-affiliation/#identity
  39. ↑ Holger Weiss (2004), "Variations in the Colonial Representation of Islam and Muslims in Northern Ghana, ca. 1900-1930".
  40. ↑ Max Assimeng, "Traditional religion in Ghana: a preliminary guide to research." Thought and Practice Journal: The Journal of the Philosophical Association of Kenya 3.1 (1976): 65-89.
  41. 1 2 3 Mensah Adinkrah (2015), "Witchcraft Beliefs in Ghana", Witchcraft, Witches, and Violence in Ghana, Berghahn Books, pp. 53–107, doi:10.2307/j.ctt9qcswd.7, ISBN 978-1-78238-561-5
  42. ↑ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-19437130
  43. ↑ Briggs, Philip; Connolly, Sean (5 December 2016). Ghana. Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 9781784770341. Retrieved 14 November 2017 – via Google Books.
  44. ↑ Dixon, Robyn (9 September 2012). "In Ghana's witch camps, the accused are never safe". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 14 November 2017 – via LATimes.com.
  45. ↑ "Rastafarianism". HISTORY. 31 May 2017. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  46. ↑ Laumann, Dennis (2014-12-02). "Hindu Gods in West Africa: Ghanaian Devotees of Shiva and Krishna by Albert Kafui Wuaku (review)". Ghana Studies. 17 (1): 247–249. doi:10.1353/ghs.2014.0012. ISSN 2333-7168.
  47. ↑ https://freedomhouse.org/country/ghana/freedom-world/2022
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