Vare le yelbulo

Pea soup

Yizie Wikipiideɛ
pea soup
recipe, dish
Aŋa yitaalombilevegetable soup Maale eŋ
Country of originAncient Greece Maale eŋ
Made from materialpea Maale eŋ
Intangible cultural heritage statusWiki-inventory for living heritage, Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage Netherlands Maale eŋ

Pea zeɛre bee split pea zeɛre, e la zeɛre ba naŋ maŋ de pea banaŋ deɛle ka a ko doge ne a seŋ, split pea zeɛre. a zeɛre ama taa la parɛɛ a ŋa lɛ a maaloo naŋ taa parɛɛ a ŋa lɛ saaŋkompare pare gyamaa naŋ taa a maaloo a toɔraa. Gbɛɛ yaga a zeɛre maŋ waa ŋa teevaare bee ka a e doɔre a yi be ba naŋ maala a ane pea anaŋ ba naŋ de maala ne a. kyɛ a zaa koɔbo maŋ be la Pisum sativum.

Saadayel bee Dakoreŋ

[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]

Pea zeɛre e la zeɛre banaŋ dire yuomo tuturi naŋ pare, a yi a antiŋuity wagere na poɔ zaa, A Aristophanes poɔ, ba boɔlɔ a la ka The Bird”, kyɛ neɛ kaŋa naŋ yi a Greek  ane a Romans paaloŋ poɔ la da koɔrɔ a bombie ama, o da maŋ kɔ a la a ta ŋa 500 BC te ta ŋa 400 BC. A wagere na poɔ, ziire naŋ be a Athens poɔ ka ba da maŋ koɔrɔ pea zɛtoloŋ.[1]

Ba da maŋ dire la peas bommaara ka a naŋ ba nyoore sɛre, a naŋ maŋ e la bilibili lɛ kyɛ ka piili dire.[2] Peɛroo wuli ka saŋkompare poɔ ba maŋ baŋ de la buuluŋ bee kookoo, ka anaŋ wa peas maara[3] ana la ka ba maŋ de maale ne a  Potage Saint-Germain kookoo. Kyɛ a bommaaara ama e la boma ba naŋ da maŋ de a maale ne bondirii a ko a  Louis XIV, ka onaŋ wa te yi a sɛrɛɛ di zie  Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, a yuori ŋa da pore la a (1660 – 1680) yuomo poɔ.[4]

A Viiri a Tendaazaa

[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]

               Atikile meŋa: Pie floater

Pie floater e la a Australian paaloŋ bondirii kaŋa naŋ pore a Adelaide paaloŋ poɔ. A bondirii ama pie zeɛre ane meat pie la ka ba maŋ de lantaa a maale ne, a ana yoŋ naane gbɛɛ yaga ba maŋ de la toosi a pale. A yelŋa piili taa la sagediibu ka o piili a 1890s yuom poɔ., pie floater de yuori kaŋ neɛzaa a baŋ a bondirii ka e boma ba naŋ da maŋ koɔrɔ a South Australian pie carts paaloŋ poɔ.

A pie floater e la a Australian saaŋkompare bondiraa ka ba maŋ maale o maalo kaŋa a boɔle ka meat pie., kyɛ a mine kaŋa ba maŋ maale o la a saaŋkompare maaloo a nyɔge leɛ ka a pare leɛ do sazu kyɛ ka a pare leɛ sigi puliŋ.ka laa poɔ wa la, pea zeɛre maŋ e la tage kyɛ ka maale waa ŋa tevaare waaloŋ.[5]

Britain ane Ireland

[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]

A e la bebiiri sakuuri yieluŋ kaŋ. Noba gyamaa naŋ baŋ ka ba sɛge ka o taa sommo yiebu zie a 1765[6] yuoni naŋ pare poɔ. Ba da maŋ yeli ka,

Pease bontoloŋ

Pease bommaaroŋ

Pease koɔ la be daleseŋ poɔ

Bebie awai

Ba mine boɔrɔ a la maaroŋ,

Ba mine boɔrɔ a la toloŋ.

Ka ba mine boɔrɔ a ka a be a daleseɛŋ poɔ

Bebie awai koɔ.

Pease e bɔrefɔ yuori naŋ yi a soga poɔ ka yeni yuori la pease kyɛ ka o yageroŋ yuori la pea, azuiŋ pea e la kyɛŋmaaroo a yelbie maaloo poɔ. Pease pudding meŋ da e la bondirii naŋ terɛ faŋa, kyɛ ka a daaroŋ meŋ naŋ be puliŋ, a ba e tuo, a maŋ yi peas ba naŋ deɛle ka a ko, a bondirii ama da e la bonkɔɔreba bondirii, a zuo a zaa anaŋ ba naŋ maŋ doge ne doba – nɛne[7], ana meŋa la a pea meŋa tɔre zaa ( ham) zeɛre. aneazaa pease la wa leɛre bondirii ana ba naŋ maŋ dire wagere zaa a yuomo tuturi naŋ pare poɔ, kyɛ a bondirii ama la naŋ e bone naŋ pore ka neɛzaa naŋ baŋ a, a waana zenɛ., kyɛ naŋ e ba saaŋkompare bondirii, ba maŋ maale a la ka a waa ŋa “mushy peas” ba da nɔŋ ka ba koɔrɔ a ne zoma ane chips a paaŋ pale ne nɛne.

Pea soup e la bɔrefɔ yuori gyamaa naŋ baŋ ka ba maŋ maale a ka a waa ŋa puree koɔ tage, bee mushy peas koɔ bondirii. Ba na baŋ de la pea maara a maale ne a bee ka ba baŋ de pea anaŋ ba naŋ deɛle ka a ko a maale a.[8]

A 19th yuomo naŋ poɔ naŋ pare, pea soup la ka ba da boɔlɔ bee ka noba da de ka a e bondrii naŋ e bondi-weɛŋ kyɛ naŋ bondirii naŋ wuli ka foo wa nyɛ neɛ ka o soba dire a lɛ wuli ka o soba naŋ daana la o soba.A Thaɔkeray senselluŋ ŋmaa kaŋa naŋ kyaare ka o yelzu e ka, “A Little Dinner at Timmins’s” ka deɛdeɛnɛ wa soore ka o pɔge ka boŋ la so ka o ba maŋ soore o zɔmmeŋ kɔrɔ yɛlɛ,? ka dɔɔnyaŋaa la, Mrs. Portman a soore te soore gbɛrebo lezare, n baŋ ka you ayi naŋ pare poɔ, ka o leɛ kaa o ne o niŋe kyɛ nyɔge o saaŋ, ka dabuo la e a pare baaraa te na gaa be kyɛ ba leɛ gaa be, ka pea soup da be la a be ka ba te di, ka Thomas hardy’s  Tess of the D'Urbervilles, ka Tess a leɛ maaleŋ kaa o kyɛ yeli te laa danseɛ yaga ka te e la d'Urbervilles… te taa la kuri sulee, a taa laa naŋ ŋmaa viiri a waa ŋa suli kpoŋ, kyɛ ka ba naŋ maale ne o a kuri. Kyɛ ona la ka n ma da maŋ de donɔ ne a pea soup (zeɛre).

A zeeɛre ama taaba maŋ e la boma banaŋ puli neŋ ne peas doɔre ana ka ba boɔlɔ ka “London Partiɔular” ka banaŋ wa eŋ a smog doɔre tage  na baare la ka boɔlɔ a London a yuori ŋa da pore la kyɛ wa te tɔ  Clean Air Act a 1956 yuoni poɔ[9].

Canada

Soupe aux pois [jaunes]  (yellow pea soup ( zeɛre)) e la a  Québec cuisine saaŋkompare bondirii. Saaŋkompare  Québec cuisine e la bone naŋ daŋ bebe a  Maine cuisine ane a  cuisine of Vermont[10] poɔ.

A  Quebec's soupe aux pois[11] na pore ka neɛza naŋ baŋ la peas doɔre maŋ de la nyenoo a puli ne doba nɛne, ane zɔŋ. Ka fooŋ wa doge a doba nɛne  baare o maŋ nyɔge la ŋmaare ŋmaare a leɛ de te eŋ a zeɛre poɔ, a mine  meŋ bamine meŋ nyɔge a la a ŋmaare bilibili lɛ a eŋ a toɔraa a ne a zeɛre,

Czech Republic

A Czech Republic bondirii maaloo zie, pea zejre ((hrachová polévka, hrachovka) ba maq di a aŋa cremy zeɛre banaŋ ɛre puli taa  ne pea. Gbɛɛ yaga bamaŋ de a la a meele ne garlic ane marjoram, a bondirii ama diibu poc, baɔon la ka ba maq tasoga a de dire ne. ba maŋ maale a la ka e Borenyɛ saŋa bondirii.[12][13][14]

Germany

Pea soup e la bondirii naŋ pore a Germany paaloŋ poɔ. Gbɛɛ yaga a maŋ puli ne la bee a meele ne nɛne, , sausage bee Kassler (a pale ne doba nɛne seɛraa) kyɛ a paaŋ yi la a paaloŋ na poɔ a bonddirii naŋ maale. A paaŋ gyamaa poɔ ka banaŋ na maale a bondirii ama  sausages maŋ poɔ la a diibu saŋa ka ba laŋ di ne a pea zeɛre, kyɛ noba mine gba maŋ de di ne la borodo. Anaŋ ba naŋ maŋ daŋ maale eŋ koŋkolee poore mine maŋ de a la a maale ne bondirii gba.

A boŋkaŋa banaŋ daŋ maale la a pea zeɛre bone, a boŋ ŋa banaŋ maale e la pea meal ane beef fat Erbswurst : pea sausage) a bone ŋa piili la a 1867 yuoni poɔ, John Heinrich Gruneberg la wane a bone ŋa. Onaŋ koɔrɔ ko a Prussian paaloŋ deme. A saŋa a Franco-Prussian zɔɔre naŋ piili, a zɔɔre ministry, ona meŋ gba da e la neɛ ba naŋ enyɛ ka o na toɔ la a kaara sogyɛre bondirii koɔrɔ zu

A bondimaala kaŋa meŋ la pea zeɛre, a zeɛre ama, pea ane nanɛne kaaŋ ((Erbswurst: pea sausage) la ka ba maŋ de lantaa a maale ne. A bondirii ama maaloo piilu e la a 1867 yuoni poɔ,  Johann Heinrich Grüneberg, la neɛ naŋ daŋ piili a bondirii ama maaloo azuiŋ ona la wane a bondirii ama, o na la koɔre a boma ama a ko Prussian State. A saŋa a  Franco-Prussian War naŋ ŋmɛ a daworo ka a yi. Ona la da sogyɛre pea zeɛre ane boroodo. Ba da mɛ la a maaloo zie ka o e kpoŋ, a zie ŋa la ka aba maŋ maala a bondirii kyɛ naŋ koɔre a bombulo, ba maŋ baŋ maale la bondrii a ta ŋa 4,000 ane 5,000 tone, Erbswurst, anaŋ la ka ba maŋ maale ko sogyɛre a zɔɔre poɔ. 1889 yuoni poɔ, A Knorr bondirii kompani maŋ da karatare naŋ wuli ka pampana ba so la bamine. Knorr ona la zenɛ ka ba boɔlɔ Unilevere brand, a maaloo ŋa e la Erbswurst a Borenyɛ kyuu poɔ a bebie lezare ne pie ata daare a 2018 yuoni poɔ.[15]

Dutch colony, Indonesia de la a bondirii ama yi ziekaŋa, ba naŋ boɔrɔ bee ka ba boɔlɔ sup  ercis or erwtensoep, ona la e a  Dutch–Indonesian saaŋkompare bondirii.

Netherlands

[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]

Erwtensoep (Dutch: [ˈɛrtə(n)sup] ⓘ), la ka ba boɔlɔ snert (Dutch: [snɛrt] ⓘ), la e a Dutch paaloŋ poɔ pea zeɛre. a zeɛre ama maŋ e la tage kyɛ waa ŋa teɛ vaare, ba maŋ ŋmaare la doba nɛne feeŋ feeŋ a eŋ, zama a pale , carrots,  leeks,  celeriac bee stalk celery ane daŋgeli. Slices of rookworst (smoked sausage)  zaa e la boma ba naŋ maŋ ŋma eŋ a zeɛre ŋa poɔ ka banaŋ wa waana ka ba di bee a ko neɛ ka o soba a di. A zeɛre ama e la saaŋkompare zeɛre banaŋ maŋ di a winter tigiri diibu poɔ la e a  Dutch bondirii maaloo zie.

Ba maŋ di la a saaŋkompare bondirii ama ne a  Frisian rye bread (roggebrood) ane bacon, cheese bee butter. A bacon ama la ka ba maŋ de maale ne  katenspek, a bacon, bondirii ama maaloo taa la tɛɛtɛɛ, a mine ba maŋ doge la kyɛ naŋ sɛ bee a kyeen.  Pancakes e la boŋkaŋa ba naŋ maŋ tasoga de di ne pea zeɛre. a zeɛre ama la ka ba boɔlɔ ka snert met struif, struif, ka a mannoo la pancakes.

A Royal  Dutch Navy pea zeɛre maŋ e la feeŋ a ne cubes peɛle mine naŋ maŋ do deɛle a zeɛre saa zu. Ana la ka ba paaŋ boɔlɔ Snert met Drijfijs (pea soup with floating ice).

koek-en-zopie ama naŋ wa e la bondifeeŋ mine ane bonnyuuri mine banaŋ maŋ di kyɛ nyu a winter tigiri diibu poɔ, a saŋa a sakubu naŋ maŋ wa leri, babɛrɛ poore, buli ane mama poore naŋ be a Netherlands poɔ, gbɛɛ yaga serve snert ama la ka ba maŋ de di ne a tigiri, ka a e ba savoury snack.

A Suriname, naŋ da e a Dutch colony, Dutch pea zeɛre dogebo diibu a teŋɛ poɔ meŋ e la a toɔraa lɛ.

Nordic countries

[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]

Swedish ärtsoppa; Finnish hernekeitto Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA/data' not found.; Danish gul ærtesuppe; Norwegian ertesuppe.

Nordic pea zeɛre maŋ e la boma ba naŋ maŋ doge ne daba nɛne, aneazaa ka wagere mine a nɛne maŋ dɔgele la a lambogiriŋ, ka ŋmaare a bibili lɛ kyɛ ka zama ane boma aseŋ thyme ane marjoram.

A Finland zeɛre e la boma banaŋ maŋ maale ne pea maara, A Sweden, a Norway ane Denmark, pea doɔre la ka maŋ de maale ne.

Sweden and Finland

[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]

A Sweden ane Findland zeɛre gbɛɛ yaga a maŋ e la boma ba naŋ maŋ de mustard ane zama a ŋmaare lantaa ( a ba e a Sweden yoŋ)  kyɛ a mine, meŋ anaŋ ba naŋ maŋ deɛle ka a ko la ka ba maŋ de a doge ne zeɛre, a seŋ (thyme, bee marjoram, ama maŋ biŋ la a dɔɔle a tabɔl zu ka neɛzaa wa boɔrɔ ka o e eŋ a di. A zeɛre la paaŋ baŋ tu, aseŋ a pancakes ane jam a paaŋ de nansaala boma mine banaŋ boɔlɔ ka (  (strawberry, raspberry, bilberry, cloudberry ). A Sweden poɔ a zeɛre ama mine wagere anaŋ ne a punsch toloŋ la maŋ kyɛnɛ.

A pea zeɛre diibu a Sweden ane a Findland poɔ, a zeɛre ama diibu piili la 13th yuomo naŋ pare kyɛ e saaŋkompare bondirii banaŋ ma di Nadaare bebiri. Ba yeli ka a yeli ŋa daŋ piili la a krito biiri nɔleŋ poɔ bee wagere, na maŋ e a Nudaare bebiri. Kuɛ a saaŋkompare Nadaare pea zeɛre ama e la boma banaŋ maŋ koɔrɔ a bondirii koɔrɔ zie, aseŋ sakue poore, sogyɛre kpɛzie a ne bondirii maale dire, ane dire poore.[16]

A Finland, Laskiainen, a winter tigiri  kpaaroŋ ne a Shrove Tuesday, pea zeɛre la ka ba maŋ de di ne a tigiri ŋa poɔ bee a mine a  pancakes laskiaispulla seɛre. A tigiri ŋa diibu maŋ laŋ ne la downhill sledding.

A Swedish king Eric XIV (1533–1577) da seŋ ka o kpi a yi saŋa na onaŋ di a zeɛre  arsenic- banaŋ eŋ teeŋ faare wa baare.[17] Kyɛ a da saaŋ ka a arsenic teeŋ fare ama da e la boma banaŋ eŋ a pea zeɛre poɔ.[18] Pea zeɛre anaŋ neŋ la ka baŋ baŋ boɔlɔ ka a e a Swedish gaŋ sɛgere  August Strindberg. Ama la ka ba de ka a e gudamat (ŋmemɛ bondirii).[19]

A Denmark poɔ, pea zeɛre e la boma banaŋ maŋ de di ne doba puori ane  medisterpølse,banaŋ doge, a paaŋ pale ne a mustard, pickled beets and rugbrød lamogiriŋ. A yi be meŋ, a bndirii ama maŋ tasoga e la tigiri bondirii, anaŋ ne beer ane snaps la maŋ kyɛne a tigiri diibu poɔ.[20]

A Denmark poɔ, a bondirii ama piilu naŋ tuuli la a gaa 1766 yuomo naŋ pare poɔ, sɛgebo naŋ wuli, a bondirii ama yiibu bee piilu zie e la Bronze teŋɛ bee a paaloŋ naŋ piili, ka a peas ane cabbage wa ko baare, a zɛvaare ama e la bone naŋ pore a winter poɔ.[21][22][23]

Norway poɔ, a pea zeɛre e la saaŋkompare bondirii banaŋ maŋ de d ne a  Easter, tigiri, anaŋ ne daŋgeli ,  carrots aane zɛvaɛ.

A Poland poɔ, pea zeɛre (grochówka Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA/data' not found. ⓘ) a bondirrii ama gbɛɛ yaga maŋ e kyaare la sogyɛre, a be la ka a bondirii ama e bone naŋ pore ka neɛzaa baŋ. Ananso ka pea zeɛre e boma naŋ e mɔlɔ kyɛ e boma naŋ e bondiri naŋ taa tɔnɔ yaga a k nensaala endaa eŋɛ, aneŋ meŋ a zeɛre ama maaloo naŋ ba taa tuo.[24]  A taa la yeluŋ kaŋa ka Sogyɛre (pea soup) ( (grochówka wojskowa) a maŋ e la tage a mane lɛ tere naŋ na baŋ tuŋ a poɔ daadaa lɛ. Aneazaa ka pea zeɛre ama gbɛɛ yaga, a bondirii ama maŋ e la boma banaŋ maŋ maale ka a e gyamaa, gbɛɛ meŋ a bondirii ama ne field kitchens la maŋ laŋ kyɛnɛ. Anaŋ waana ŋa field kitchens la ka ba maŋ de maale ne bondirii a ko gyamaa.[25]

A Ukraine poɔ, a be la ka ba baŋ ka o e horokhovyi sup bee horokhivka,[26] pea zeɛre e la naŋ pore a e bebiri zaa zeɛre. Gbɛɛ yaga a meŋ gba maŋ paale ne la nɛne bee bacon, gbɛɛ yaga  croutons maŋ e la boma banaŋ de eŋ bondirii poɔ a ko neɛ.

United States

[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]

A United State paaloŋ poɔ, “ pea zeɛre” ka bonzaa ba la paale a poɔ anaŋ la ka ba boɔlɔ ka puree koɔ baaloŋ. A pea zeɛre ama pile la a 1905 yuoni ne poɔ ane split peas doba-nɛne nyɛnnoo ane nanɛne seɛraa. A zeɛre ama maŋ kyoɔre a la ka ba tɔ nyɛ lɛ a zeɛre meŋa naŋ waa.[27]

Split pea zeɛre, gbɛɛ yaga a maŋ e la bone naŋ e koɔ feeŋ, fo maŋ nyɛ la pea ane ham la maŋ lantaa, a zeɛre ama e la boma naŋ pore a Northeast poɔ, ane a Midwest ane a  Pacific Northwest poɔ. A taa la saaŋkompare yelturaa kaŋa a kyaare greeen-colored foods on St. Patrick's bebiri. Aseŋ a 1919 yuoni poɔ, Boston Globe article, yele ka sɛre ka a bondirii ama na noma, "A St. Patrick's Day Dinner" ne Cream of Green Pea Soup (American Style)", a paaŋ paale ne "Cream of Green Pea Soup (American Style)" kyɛ naŋ paale codfish croquettes with green pea sauce, lettuce salad, pistachio ice cream, ane "green decorated cake" .[28]

Kaa kyɛ nyɛ

[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]

·        Dal

·        Lentil soup

·        List of legume dishes

·        List of soups

·        List of vegetable soups

·        Marrowfat peas

·        Pie floater

·        Sambar (dish)

Sommo yizie

[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]
  1. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20120427183359/http://www.vegparadise.com/highestperch52.html
  2. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pea_soup#cite_ref-2
  3. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pea_soup#cite_ref-3
  4. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pea_soup#cite_ref-4
  5. ↑ http://blogs.abc.net.au/sa/2010/05/the-glorious-meat-pie-and-humble-pie-floater.html?site=adelaide&program=adelaide_afternoons
  6. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pea_soup#cite_ref-6
  7. ↑ Felicity Goodall, Lost Plymouth, Hidden Heritage of the Three Towns, 2009
  8. ↑ White, Eileen (2003). Soup. Totnes, Britain.: Prospect Books. p. 105. ISBN 1-903018-08-0.
  9. ↑ "London particular", BBC Good Food Magazine, BBC
  10. ↑ "Bill Brownstein: New York Times pays tribute to Canadian cuisine – starting with Joe Beef's David McMillan". montrealgazette.com. 16 January 2018.
  11. ↑ Ferguson, Carol and Fraser, Margaret, A Century of Canadian Home Cooking: 1900 through the 90's, Prentice Hall Canada Inc., Scarborough, 1992
  12. ↑ Prima, F. T. V. "Hrachová polévka – delikátní jemný krém s křupavou slaninou". Prima Fresh (in Czech). Retrieved 2025-04-26.
  13. ↑ Kojzarova, Martina. "Vánoční hrachová polévka". Apetit Online (in Czech). Retrieved 2025-04-26.
  14. ↑ "Hrachovka » Češka z Česka". www.ceskazceska.cz (in Czech). 2019-11-24. Retrieved 2025-04-26.
  15. ↑ 3thedward (19 December 2018). "Eilmeldung Ende der Erbswurst Ende 2018" – via YouTube.
  16. ↑ "Pea soup and pancakes – Sweden's Thursday favourite". Routes North. 10 February 2018. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  17. ↑ Lars Ericson in Johan III, ISBN, p. 109
  18. ↑ Harrison, Dick. "Ärtsoppa och arsenik". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  19. ↑ "Pea soup" (PDF). American Swedish Historical Museum. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  20. ↑ Martin Schultz (9 September 2014). "No "Hjorddrengenes"-market without gule ærter". Lokalavisen, Norddjurs (in Danish). Politikens Lokalaviser A/S. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  21. ↑ "Familien Løcke". guleærter.dk (in Danish). Møllerens. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
  22. ↑ "Gule Ærter" - Split-Pea Soup - A Old National and Everyday Dish". Danish Food Culture. Copenhagen Portal. Archived from the original on 22 August 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2014.. Beware: This is not always a solid source.
  23. ↑ Boyhus, Else-Marie (1996): Grøntsager – en køkkenhistorie, ISBN (in Danish)
  24. ↑ Piepenbring, Dan (11 November 2013). "Happy Veterans Day! Military Food Staples That Supported the Troops' Stomachs". Bon Appétit. Retrieved 5 October 2024.
  25. ↑ "Volunteers distributing pea soup during XIX. Great Orchestra of Christmas Charity Finale". Wiadomosci-gazeta.pl. Retrieved 22 May 2026.
  26. ↑ Franko, Olha. Практична кухня. — Lviv: Kamenyar, 1991. — p. 28
  27. ↑ Mumford, Angelina Jenkins (1905). The Genesee Valley cookbook. p. 8.
  28. ↑ "Household Department", Boston Daily Globe, March 16, 1919, p. 76