Kuri

Testudinidae

taxon

Taxon name	Testudinidae
Taxon rank	family
Parent taxon	Testudinoidea
Taxon common name	landskilpadder, kopenske želve, tortues terrestres
Code of nomenclature	International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
Homonymous taxon	Testudinidae
CITES Appendix	Appendix II of CITES

Kuri e la mɔduŋo kaŋa naŋ maŋ toɔ kpɛ koɔ poɔ aneŋ gbaŋgbale, Kuri maŋ taa la pɛge naŋ maŋ e kpeɛŋaa ka o maŋ pɔge o eŋa zaa, kuri taa la gbɛ̃ɛ̃ anaare, kuri e la nɛne ako noba mine kyɛ ka o e noba mine meŋ yaabaa.

Gbɛɛ yaga o kpԑzi-gyamaa la koɔŋ. O eɛ mɔdoŋaa nang taa gbɛɛ anaare, a taa pɛgere kaŋa nang pili pɔge a o eŋganne zaa. Noba ba nang na dang ɔɔ o nɛne kaa, yeli ka ka foo nang doge o nɛne, fo ba mang eŋ koɔŋ bonso o nɛne nang taa koɔŋ̍. Ba meng la yeli ka, ka o nɛne mang noma la yaga ka foo sereng doge o soŋ̍.

Taxonomy

A species taa la yelyuuri neng Turtle Taxonomy Working Group (2021) ane a Turtle Extinctions Working Group (2015).

Family Testudinidae Batsch 1788

• †Alatochelon
  • † Alatochelon myrteum
• Aldabrachelys Loveridge and Williams 1957:166
  • Aldabrachelys gigantea Aldabra giant tortoise.
    • A. g. gigantea Aldabra tortoise.
    • A. g. arnoldi Arnold’s giant tortoise.
    • A. g. daudinii Daudin’s giant tortoise.
    • A. g. hololissa Domed Seychelles giant tortoise.
  • †Aldabrachelys abrupta Late Holocene, extinct circa 1200 AD
  • †Aldabrachelys grandidieri Late Holocene, extinct circa 884 AD
• Astrochelys Gray, 1873:4
  • Astrochelys radiata, radiated tortoise

  • 

    Astrochelys yniphora, angonoka tortoise, (Madagascan) plowshare tortoise
• Centrochelys Gray 1872:5
  • † Centrochelys atlantica
  • † Centrochelys burchardi Tenerife giant tortoise
  • † Centrochelys marocana
  • † Centrochelys robusta Maltese giant tortoise
  • Centrochelys sulcata, African spurred tortoise, sulcata tortoise
  • † Centrochelys vulcanica Gran Canaria giant tortoise
• Chelonoidis Fitzinger 1835:112
  • † Chelonoidis alburyorum Abaco tortoise, Late Pleistocene, extinct c. 1400 CE
  • Chelonoidis carbonarius, red-footed tortoise

  • 

    Chelonoidis chilensis, Chaco tortoise, Argentine tortoise or southern wood tortoise
  • † Chelonoidis cubensis Cuban giant tortoise
  • Chelonoidis denticulatus Brazilian giant tortoise, yellow-footed tortoise
  • † C. dominicensis Dominican giant tortoise
  • † Chelonoidis lutzae Lutz's giant tortoise, Late Pleistocene
  • † Chelonoidis monensis Mona tortoise
  • Chelonoidis niger Galapagos giant tortoise
  • † Chelonoidis sellovii Southern Cone giant tortoise, Pleistocene
  • † Chelonoidis sombrerensis Sombrero giant tortoise, Late Pleistocene
• Chersina Gray 1830:5

  • 

    Chersina angulata, angulated tortoise, South African bowsprit tortoise
• † Cheirogaster Bergounioux 1935:78
  • †Cheirogaster gymnesica Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene
  • †Cheirogaster schafferi Pliocene to Early Pleistocene
• Chersobius Fitzinger, 1835
  • Chersobius boulengeri, Karoo padloper, Karoo dwarf tortoise, Boulenger's Cape tortoise
  • Chersobius signatus, speckled padloper tortoise
  • Chersobius solus, Nama padloper, Berger's Cape tortoise
• †Cylindraspis Fitzinger 1835:112 (all species extinct) following Austin and Arnold, 2001:
  • †Cylindraspis indica, synonym Cylindraspis borbonica, Reunion giant tortoise
  • †Cylindraspis inepta, saddle-backed Mauritius giant tortoise or Mauritius giant domed tortoise
  • †Cylindraspis peltastes, domed Rodrigues giant tortoise
  • †Cylindraspis triserrata, domed Mauritius giant tortoise or Mauritius giant flat-shelled tortoise
  • †Cylindraspis vosmaeri, saddle-backed Rodrigues giant tortoise
• † Ergilemys Ckhikvadze, 1984
  • Ergilemys bruneti
  • Ergilemys insolitus
  • Ergilemys saikanensis
• Geochelone Fitzinger 1835:112
  • Geochelone elegans, Indian star tortoise
  • Geochelone platynota, Burmese star tortoise
• Gopherus Rafinesque 1832:64
  • Gopherus agassizii, Mojave desert tortoise, Agassiz's desert tortoise
  • Gopherus berlandieri, Texas tortoise, Berlandier's tortoise
  • Gopherus flavomarginatus, Bolson tortoise
  • Gopherus morafkai, Sonoran desert tortoise, Morafka's desert tortoise
  • Gopherus polyphemus, gopher tortoise
  • Gopherus evgoodei, Sinaloan desert tortoise, Goode's thornscrub tortoise
• † Hadrianus
  • Hadrianus corsoni (syn. H. octonarius)
  • Hadrianus robustus
  • Hadrianus schucherti
  • Hadrianus utahensis
• † Hesperotestudo
  • Hesperotestudo alleni
  • Hesperotestudo angusticeps
  • Hesperotestudo brontops
  • Hesperotestudo equicomes
  • Hesperotestudo impensa
  • Hesperotestudo incisa
  • Hesperotestudo johnstoni
  • Hesperotestudo kalganensis
  • Hesperotestudo niobrarensis
  • Hesperotestudo orthopygia
  • Hesperotestudo osborniana
  • Hesperotestudo percrassa
  • Hesperotestudo riggsi
  • Hesperotestudo tumidus
  • Hesperotestudo turgida
  • Hesperotestudo wilsoni
• Homopus Duméril and Bibron 1834:357
  • Homopus areolatus, common padloper, parrot-beaked tortoise, beaked Cape tortoise
  • Homopus femoralis, greater padloper, greater dwarf tortoise
• Indotestudo Lindholm, 1929
  • Indotestudo elongata, elongated tortoise, yellow-headed tortoise
  • Indotestudo forstenii, Forsten's tortoise, East Indian tortoise
  • Indotestudo travancorica, Travancore tortoise
• Kinixys
  • Kinixys belliana, Bell's hinge-back tortoise
  • Kinixys erosa, forest hinge-back tortoise, serrated hinge-back tortoise
  • Kinixys homeana, Home's hinge-back tortoise
  • Kinixys lobatsiana, Lobatse hinge-back tortoise
  • Kinixys natalensis, Natal hinge-back tortoise
  • Kinixys spekii, Speke's hinge-back tortoise
• Malacochersus Lindholm 1929:285
  • Malacochersus tornieri, pancake tortoise
• Manouria Gray 1854:133
  • Manouria emys, Asian giant tortoise, brown tortoise (mountain tortoise)
  • Manouria impressa, impressed tortoise
• † Megalochelys Falconer, H. and Cautley, P.T. 1837.
  • † Megalochelys atlas, Atlas tortoise, Extinct – Pliocene to Pleistocene
  • † Megalochelys cautleyi, Cautley's giant tortoise
• Psammobates Fitzinger 1835:113
  • Psammobates geometricus, geometric tortoise
  • Psammobates oculifer, serrated tent tortoise, Kalahari tent tortoise
  • Psammobates tentorius, African tent tortoise
• Pyxis Bell 1827:395
  • Pyxis arachnoides, (Madagascan) spider tortoise
  • Pyxis planicauda, flat-backed spider tortoise, (Madagascan) flat-tailed tortoise, flat-tailed spider tortoise
• Stigmochelys Gray, 1873
  • Stigmochelys pardalis, leopard tortoise
• † Stylemys
  • Stylemys botti
  • Stylemys calaverensis
  • Stylemys canetotiana
  • Stylemys capax
  • Stylemys conspecta
  • Stylemys copei
  • Stylemys emiliae
  • Stylemys frizaciana
  • Stylemys karakolensis
  • Stylemys nebrascensis (syn. S. amphithorax)
  • Stylemys neglectus
  • Stylemys oregonensis
  • Stylemys pygmea
  • Stylemys uintensis
  • Stylemys undabuna
• † Titanochelon
  • †Titanochelon gymnesica (Bate, 1914) Balearic Islands, Pliocene
  • † Titanochelon bolivari (Hernandez-Pacheco, 1917) (type) Iberian Peninsula, Miocene
  • † Titanochelon bacharidisi (Vlachos et al., 2014) Greece, Bulgaria, Late Miocene
  • † Titanochelon perpiniana (Deperet 1885) France, Pliocene
  • †Titanochelon schafferi (Szalai, 1931) Samos, Greece, Miocene
  • †Titanochelon vitodurana (Biedermann 1862) Switzerland, Early Miocene
  • †Titanochelon kayadibiensis Karl, Staesche & Safi, 2021, Anatolia, Miocene
  • †Titanochelon eurysternum (Gervais, 1848–1852) France, Miocene
  • †Titanochelon ginsburgi (de Broin, 1977 ) France, Miocene
  • †Titanochelon leberonensis (Depéret, 1890) France, Miocene
• Testudo
  • Testudo graeca, Greek tortoise, spur-thighed tortoise, Moorish tortoise
  • Testudo hermanni, Hermann's tortoise
  • Testudo horsfieldii, Russian tortoise
  • Testudo kleinmanni, Egyptian tortoise, including Negev tortoise
  • Testudo marginata, marginated tortoise

Enfuomo

• 
  Baby Testudo marginata emerges from its egg
• 
  Baby tortoise, less than a day old
• 
  Young, 20-year-old Tanzanian leopard tortoise feeding on grass
• 
  Aldabra giant tortoise, Geochelone gigantea
• 
  22-year-old leopard tortoise
• 
  African spurred tortoise from the Oakland Zoo
• 
  Pair of African spurred tortoises mate in a zoo
• 
  Boy rides a tortoise at a zoo
• Video of tortoises mating
• 
  Young Testudo hermanni

Phylogeny

A molecular phylogeny ko a Kuri, yele nang tuuro Le et al. (2006: 525):

Testudinidae	Ergilemys Manouria Gopherus Indotestudo Testudo Malacochersus Centrochelys sulcata Geochelone Geochelone platynota Geochelone elegans Chersina Homopus Stigmochelys Psammobates Aldabrachelys Pyxis Astrochelys radiata Astrochelys yniphora Kinixys Chelonoidis

A separate phylogeny neng mtDNA yelpeԑre mine nang da yi kyaare Kehlmaier et al. (2021):

Testudinidae	Manouria Gopherus Testudo Indotestudo Agrionemys Malacochersus †Cylindraspis Chersina Chersobius Homopus Psammobates Stigmochelys Aldabrachelys Pyxis Astrochelys Kinixys Centrochelys Geochelone Chelonoidis

A 2023 Kehlmaier meng da la nyԑ la yelpeԑre mine yi phylogeny te ko a 2021 one, nang da la ta wagre mine kyaare evolutionary distinctiveness ko a extinct Cylindraspis, kyɛ da la ta wagre mine a leԑ a Gopherus ane Manouria, nang vɛŋ Gopherus ko a basal genus.

Nimitoore kannoo

• Chambers, Paul (2004). A Sheltered Life: The Unexpected History of the Giant Tortoise. London: John Murray. ISBN 978-0-7195-6528-1.
• Ernst, C. H.; Barbour, R. W. (1989). Turtles of the World. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 9780874744149.
• Gerlach, Justin (2004). Giant Tortoises of the Indian Ocean. Frankfurt: Chimiara.
• Antoinette C. van der Kuyl; Donato L. Ph. Ballasina; John T. Dekker; Jolanda Maas; Ronald E. Willemsen; Jaap Goudsmit (February 2002). "Phylogenetic Relationships among the Species of the Genus Testudo (Testudines: Testudinidae) Inferred from Mitochondrial 12S rRNA Gene Sequences". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 22 (2): 174–183. doi:10.1006/mpev.2001.1052. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 11820839.

Ziiri mine lingkiri

• Family Testudinidae (Tortoises), The Reptiles Database
• Tɛmpileti:Usurped: Conservation and care of turtles.
• Live Tortoise Stream : Live Tortoise Stream