Kigali

Kigali

first-level administrative division, big city, province of Rwanda, largest city

Piiluu	1907
Official name	Umujyi wa Kigali, City of Kigali, Ville de Kigali
Native label	Kigali
Demonym	Kigalian
Official language	Kinyarwanda, Bɔrefɔ, French, Swahili
Paaloŋ	Rwanda
Capital of	Rwanda
Located in the administrative territorial entity	Rwanda
Located in time zone	UTC+02:00
Located in or next to body of water	Ruganwa
Coordinate location	1°57′9″S 30°6′54″E
Head of government	Samuel Dusengiyumva
Member of	Wetland City Network
Shares border with	Northern Province, Eastern Province, Southern Province
Creator	Richard Kandt
Language used	Kinyarwanda, Bɔrefɔ, French, Swahili
Official website	https://www.kigalicity.gov.rw/, http://www.kigalicity.gov.rw/
History of topic	timeline of Kigali
Economy of topic	economy of Kigali
Time of earliest written record	14. century
Local dialing code	25
Category for the view of the item	Category:Views of Kigali
Category for maps or plans	Category:Maps of Kigali

Kigali (Kinyarwanda boɔloo: [ki.ɡɑ́.ɾi]) e la a kapital ane a teŋkpoŋ ko Rwanda. O peɛlɛɛ a nation's geographic centre naŋ be a region ko rolling hills, neŋ a series valleys ane ridges naŋ nyɔge taa neŋ steep slopes. O naŋ e a primate city, Kigali e la tempaala. O da eɛ a Rwanda's economic, cultural, ane transport hub yi o naŋ da nyɛ sommo a da e administrative outpost a 1907, a da leɛ a kapital teŋɛ ko a independence a 1962, naŋ da derɛ nyaamo yire neŋ a Huye.

Climate

Climate data for Kigali Airport (1991–2020)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	33.4 (92.1)	35.4 (95.7)	34.0 (93.2)	31.2 (88.2)	31.6 (88.9)	30.8 (87.4)	31.1 (88.0)	32.4 (90.3)	32.8 (91.0)	32.4 (90.3)	30.6 (87.1)	32.0 (89.6)	35.4 (95.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	27.5 (81.5)	27.8 (82.0)	27.1 (80.8)	26.4 (79.5)	26.3 (79.3)	26.7 (80.1)	27.4 (81.3)	28.2 (82.8)	28.2 (82.8)	27.4 (81.3)	26.3 (79.3)	26.8 (80.2)	27.2 (81.0)
Daily mean °C (°F)	21.9 (71.4)	22.0 (71.6)	21.7 (71.1)	21.5 (70.7)	21.5 (70.7)	21.3 (70.3)	21.4 (70.5)	22.3 (72.1)	22.3 (72.1)	21.9 (71.4)	21.2 (70.2)	21.5 (70.7)	21.7 (71.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	16.2 (61.2)	16.3 (61.3)	16.2 (61.2)	16.5 (61.7)	16.6 (61.9)	16.0 (60.8)	15.4 (59.7)	16.4 (61.5)	16.4 (61.5)	16.3 (61.3)	16.1 (61.0)	16.2 (61.2)	16.2 (61.2)
Record low °C (°F)	12.0 (53.6)	12.4 (54.3)	12.9 (55.2)	12.5 (54.5)	13.0 (55.4)	12.4 (54.3)	7.7 (45.9)	11.0 (51.8)	11.2 (52.2)	11.6 (52.9)	12.8 (55.0)	12.0 (53.6)	7.7 (45.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	84.2 (3.31)	83.9 (3.30)	129.1 (5.08)	135.5 (5.33)	88.7 (3.49)	20.3 (0.80)	10.2 (0.40)	30.2 (1.19)	64.8 (2.55)	108.8 (4.28)	121.2 (4.77)	76.4 (3.01)	953.5 (37.54)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	8.5	7.8	12.9	14.4	9.8	2.3	0.9	3.6	7.9	12.5	13.6	9.9	104.2
Source: NOAA

Meŋ Kyɛlle kyɛ

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Documentation[create] [purge]

• Inema Arts Center
• Kigali Car-Free Zone
• Kigali Convention Centre
• Kigali Genocide Memorial
• Amahoro Stadium
• BK Arena
• Nyandungu Urban Wetland Eco-Tourism Park

Yele manne mine

General and cited references

• Adekunle, Julius (2007). Culture and customs of Rwanda. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-33177-0.
• African Development Bank; OECD (2006). African Economic Outlook (5th ed.). OECD Publishing. ISBN 978-92-64-02243-0.
• Appiah, Anthony; Gates, Henry Louis (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-533770-9.
• Briggs, Philip; Booth, Janice (2006). Rwanda – The Bradt Travel Guide (3rd ed.). Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 978-1-841621-80-7.
• Cassimon, Danny; Engelen, Peter-Jan; Reyntjens, Filip (2013). "Rwanda's involvement in Eastern DRC: A criminal real options approach" (PDF). Crime, Law and Social Change. 59 (1): 39–62. doi:10.1007/s10611-012-9397-7. S2CID 145263108.
• Briggs, Phillip; Connolly, Sean (2018). Rwanda. Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 978-1-78477-096-9.
• Bundervoet, Tom; Maiyo, Laban; Sanghi, Apurva (October 2015). "Bright Lights, Big Cities: Measuring National and Subnational Economic Growth in Africa from Outer Space, with an Application to Kenya and Rwanda". SSRN 2682850.
• Bundervoet, Tom; Parby, Jonas Ingemann; Nakamura, Shohei; Choi, Narae (December 2017). "Reshaping urbanization in Rwanda: economic and spatial trends and proposals – note 1: urbanization and the evolution of Rwanda's urban landscape" (PDF). World Bank Group. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
• Carney, J.J. (2013). Rwanda Before the Genocide: Catholic Politics and Ethnic Discourse in the Late Colonial Era. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-998227-1.
• Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2007). The World Factbook 2007. Government Printing Office. ISBN 978-0-16-078580-1.
• Chrétien, Jean-Pierre (2003). The Great Lakes of Africa: Two Thousand Years of History. MIT Press. ISBN 978-1-890951-34-4.
• Cybriwsky, Roman A. (2013). Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-61069-248-9.
• Dallaire, Roméo (2005). Shake Hands with the Devil: The Failure of Humanity in Rwanda. Arrow. ISBN 978-0-09-947893-5.
• Des Forges, Alison (2011). David Newbury (ed.). Defeat is the only bad news: Rwanda under Musinga, 1896–1931. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-28143-4.
• Dorsey, Learthen (1994). Historical Dictionary of Rwanda (1st ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-2820-9.
• Fegley, Randall (2016). A History of Rwandan Identity and Trauma: The Mythmakers' Victims. Lexington Books. ISBN 978-1-49851944-1.
• Geary, Anthony (2003). In and Out of Focus: Images from Central Africa, 1885–1960. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-85667-552-2.
• King, David C. (2007). Rwanda (Cultures of the World). Benchmark Books. ISBN 978-0-7614-2333-1.
• Kiregyera, Ben (2015). The Emerging Data Revolution in Africa: Strengthening the Statistics, Policy and Decision-making Chain. African Sun Media. ISBN 978-1-920689-56-8.
• Lemarchand, Guillermo A.; Tash, April (2015). Mapping research and innovation in the Republic of Rwanda. UNESCO Publishing. ISBN 978-92-3-100126-0.
• Linden, Ian; Linden, Jane (1977). Church and Revolution in Rwanda (illustrated ed.). Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-0671-5.
• Louis, William Roger (1963). Ruanda-Urundi, 1884–1919. Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-821621-6.
• Mamdani, Mahmood (2002). When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-10280-1.
• "Understanding Dropout and Repetition in Rwanda: Full Report" (PDF). Ministry of Education, Republic of Rwanda (MINEDUC) and UNICEF. 20 September 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
• "2018 Education Statistics" (PDF). Ministry of Education, Republic of Rwanda (MINEDUC). December 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
• Munyakazi, Augustine; Ntagaramba, Johnson Funga (2005). Atlas of Rwanda (in French). Macmillan Education. ISBN 978-0-333-95451-5.
• "Population size, structure and distribution". National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR). 2012a. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 November 2020. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
• "Final Results: Main indicators report" (PDF). National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR). 2012b. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
• Tɛmpileti:Cite report
• Prunier, Gérard (1999). The Rwanda Crisis: History of a Genocide (2nd ed.). Fountain Publishers Limited. ISBN 978-9970-02-089-8.
• "Performance audit report on procurement and management of drugs and medical supplies and its impact on health care at University Teaching Hospital-Kigali" (PDF). Office of the Auditor General, Rwanda (OAG). April 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
• Rollason, Will (2012). "Youth development success amongst motorcycle taxi drivers in Kigali" (PDF). Brunel University. Retrieved 19 February 2021.
• "Kigali: State of Environment and Outlook Report 2013" (PDF). Rwanda Environment Management Authority (REMA). 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 February 2023. Retrieved 15 May 2018.
• "List of FM and TV stations operating in Rwanda and their approximate coverage" (PDF). Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA). 30 July 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2021 – via Rwanda Governance Board.
• Stapleton, Timothy J. (2013). A Military History of Africa [3 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-39570-3.
• Stapleton, Timothy J. (2017). A History of Genocide in Africa. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-4408-3052-5.
• Streissguth, Thomas (2007). Rwanda in Pictures (illustrated ed.). Twenty-First Century Books. ISBN 978-0-8225-8570-1.
• Twagilimana, Aimable (2015). Historical Dictionary of Rwanda (2nd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4422-5591-3.
• "Population projections" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 May 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
• Vansina, Jan (2005). Antecedents to Modern Rwanda: The Nyiginya Kingdom. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-2992-0123-4.
• Watson, Graeme; Renzi, Barbara Gabriella; Viggiani, Elisabetta (2010). [[[:Tɛmpileti:Google books]] Friends and Foes Volume II: Friendship and Conflict from Social and Political Perspectives]. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4438-1993-0. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
• "Primary Health Care Systems: Case study from Rwanda" (PDF). abridged. World Health Organization (WHO). 2017. Retrieved 16 February 2021.
• Education in Rwanda: Rebalancing Resources to Accelerate Post-conflict Development and Poverty Reduction. Country Studies. World Bank. 2004. doi:10.1596/0-8213-5610-0. ISBN 978-0-8213-5610-4.
• "Rwanda Economic Update" (PDF). World Bank. February 2016. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
• World Resources Report (2011). "Maintenance of Hydropower Potential in Rwanda Through Ecosystem Restoration" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 10 February 2020.

Ziiri mine liŋkiri

• Official website of Kigali City