Chakali language
| Aŋa yitaalombile | Gurunsi  |
|---|---|
| Paaloŋ | Ghana |
| Indigenous to | Northern Region, Ɔpa Wɛse Irigyin |
| Ethnologue language status | 6b Threatened |
Chakali (tʃàkálɪ́ɪ́) e la Gur ma-kɔkɔre kaŋ̍a na be a Ghana,a taa yelyellbe ka ba baŋ̍ ta 3,500 noba naŋ̍ be a Wa East District a Upper West Region. Gbɛɛ yaga, Chakali yelyelba ziiri la Tiisa, Sogla, Tousa, Motigu, Ducie, Katua ane Gurumbele kori. A ba gyamaa zie kyaare Chakali yeluu meŋ̍ maŋ̍ yeli la Wali bee Bulengi. Ba mine taa la sagedeebo ka a Chakali kɔkɔre na ta la wagere kaŋ̍a e o toɔre ne, Wali ane Bulengi a e a kɔkɔre na yoŋ̍ o noba na maŋ̍ yelle a paaloŋ̍ na poɔ.[1]
Fonologyi
[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]Chakali fonologyi deɛ eɛ la a Gur kɔkɔre, a taa kɔkɔgaale,voonebinyaŋ̍ene kpɛtaaloŋ̍, ane talaŋ̍kpeԑŋ̍aa voonebidaare. A gyamaa zie a Chakali's kɔkɔtɛgɛ gaa be la a parԑԑ ata kaŋ̍a poɔ naŋ̍ e C(voonebidaare)V(voonebinyaŋ̍ene), CVC ane CVV. A kɔkɔtɛgere mine meŋ̍ na be a Chakali e la yelmeŋ̍ɛ kyɛ a ba maŋ̍ be a soga kɔkɔgere yelbie poɔ.
Voonebinyaŋ̍ene
[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]Chakali taa la zeltaane ane zelbataane voonebinyaŋ̍enyaane, meŋ̍ na baŋ̍ voonebinyan-yɛrɛɛ ane voonebinyan-pɔgre, na maŋ̍ taa tonnoɔre voonebinyaŋ̍ene kpɛtaaloŋ̍. Ba na de a ka a e "pɔnte-nakaare" voonebinyaŋ̍ene na e zɛlle kpɛtaaloŋ̍, /a/ na baŋ̍ e la [ɑ] ka fooŋ̍ tuoro a -ATR voonebie, kyɛ ana ba e phonomic. Meŋ̍ paale, [ə] meŋ̍ beebe la yi epenthesis bee voonebinyaŋ̍ene sigiruu.
| Niŋ̍e | Puori | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yuori | Pɔgere | |||
| −ATR | +ATR | −ATR | +ATR | |
| Puori | ɪ | i | ʊ | u |
| Soga | ɛ | e | ɔ | o |
| Yɛrɛɛ | a | |||
A voonebinyaŋ̍ene zaa na eɛ la nyɔ-ɛremɛ, na maŋ̍ taa yiibu yi voonebidaare mine nyɔ-ɛroŋ̍ bee kɔkɔ-kpeԑŋ̍aa kyeɛloo. Nyɔ-ɛremɛ voonebinyaŋ̍ene maŋ̍ baŋ̍ be la yelbie mine poore, yi mannewuluu na be minimal pɛɛ:
- /zʊ̀ʊ̀/ 'enter', /zʊ̃̀ʊ̃̀/ 'laziness'
- /fáà/ 'ancient', /fã̀ã̀/ 'do by force'
- /tùù/ 'go down', /tṹṹ/ 'honey'
Sɛgebidaare
[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]| Labial | Alveolar | Postalveolar/ Palatal |
Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | labial | |||||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ŋ͡m | |
| Stop | p b | t d | t͡ʃ d͡ʒ | k ɡ | k͡p ɡ͡b | ʔ |
| Fricative | f v | s z | h | |||
| Approximant | l | j | w | |||
| Rhotic | r~ɾ | |||||
- /t/ na maŋ̍ [r] yelbie maaloo poɔ.
- /k/ ane /g/ na maŋ̍ e [ɣ] voonebinyaŋ̍ene poɔ.
- Nyɔ-ɛremɛ zaa maŋ̍ eɛ [ŋ] yelbie maaloo poɔ.
Yelbie Gaŋ̍gyere
[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]Chakali e la erɛ–eroŋ̍–eterɛ kɔkɔre.
Eroŋ̍
[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]Gbɛɛ yaga a kɔkɔtɛgɛ na naŋ̍ be a Chakali maŋ̍ baŋ̍ taa la yeni, ayi, kɔkɔtegere ata, kyԑ ka kɔkɔtɛgere ata demɛ na maŋ̍ baŋ̍ laŋ̍ɛɛ taa e kɔkɔtɛgere ayi yoŋ̍ a be a eroŋ̍ gbɛɛ yaga na maŋ̍ be a Chakali.
Nambare
[maaleŋ | Maale eŋ yizie]Chakali’s nambare na baŋ̍ poŋ-eŋ̍ la atomic nambare ane complex. Atomic nambare la 1-8, 10, 20, 100, ane 1000. Kyԑ ka Kɔmpelɛse nambare na baŋ̍ nyԑ la eebo yi nambare iri-baroo, de-lantaa ane/bee nambare mɔtipolikasi. Aseŋ̍. fɪ́dɪ̀dɪ́gɪ́túò (pie ne awai) e la de-lantaa fɪ́ (10), dɪ (ande), neŋ̍ dɪ́gɪ́tūō (9). Kyɛlle kyɛ: A 11-19 /dɪ/ na baŋ̍ leɛre la eŋ̍ /d/ ka ana wuli ka a nambare naŋ̍ piili ne la sԑgebinyaŋ̍ene teseŋ̍ fɪ́dàŋɔ̃ (15).
Nambare 21-99 yi la a mɔtipolikasi ne 20; aŋ̍a ma French nambare poɔ, be ka 80 taa nyaamo yine mɔtipolikeesi 4 gbԑԑ 20, quatre-vingt. Aseŋ̍: màtféó álɪ́é ànɪ́ fɪ́dālʊ̄pɛ̀ (57) ka a o leɛroo e lezare, ayi ane pie ne ayɔpoi.
Nambare 101-999 ande 1001+ meŋ̍ maŋ̍ taa la maalo na taaba, mɔtipokeesi ne 100 sere ane 1000 sere. Aseŋ̍: 1999 la tʊ́sʊ̀ ànɪ́ kɔ̀sá dɪ́gɪ́tūō ànɪ́ màftéó ànáásɛ̀ àní fɪ́dɪ̀dɪ́gɪ́túò, ka a o leɛroo e 1000 ane 100's, 9 neŋ̍ 20, 4 ane 19. Kyɛlle kyɛ: kɔɔ ane turi taa la yageroŋ̍.[2]