Boubou

A boubou bee boubou kpoŋ e la kparre wogi boŋkpoŋ ba naŋ yɛrɛ bee suuro Wɛse Afirika poɔ, ane Afirika Sazu poɔ beɛlɛ, naŋ taa ŋmaaroŋ ne dagakparoo.^[1]

A kuree ŋa ŋmaaroŋ tɛɛtɛɛ taa la yotɛɛtɛɛ bee parɛɛ bal tɛɛtɛɛ ane kɔkɔɛ naŋ boɔlɔ. Ba boɔlɔ o la Kulwu Kanuri poɔ, babban riga Hauza poɔ, boubou, mbubb, mboubou bee mboubou kpoŋ Wolof poɔ, k'sa bee gandora Tuareg poɔ, Kwayi Bèri Songhai poɔ, darra'a Loribi poɔ, boubou kpoŋ Faranse-yelbe Wɛse Afirika paalonne yaga poɔ ane a o Bɔrefɔ boɔloo la kpare-wogi-yɛloŋ.

A Senegalese boubou, meŋ naŋ e boubou kpoŋ Faranse poɔ naŋ bigiri a puliŋ, meŋ e la a Senegalese kparesaaloo. A pɔgeba ŋmaaroŋ ba naŋ suuro laŋyie mine meŋ e la m'boubou bee kparesaaloo.

Yelkorɔ

O yizie yi la a bonsuuri waaloŋ ko a Mande, Songhai-Zarma, Hauza, Kanuri, Toubou, ane trans-Saharan mine ane Sahelian dadi laŋgbulo naŋ maŋ de a kuree ka o e boŋguuraa a yi saa ane saseɛ-kpeɛŋaa zaa ayi poɔ (ŋmenaa naŋ maŋ yuo ane tensɔge ɔɔre) kyɛ yoɔrɔ a Sahara gbeŋgbeluu. A babban-riga/boubou bee Kulwu ka ba da maŋ de laŋ ne wagyɛ tɔgema ba naŋ maŋ de le pɔge a nimisɔge ne a zu, na gu a nimie, ba naŋ boɔlɔ Alasho Hauza poɔ, Tagelmust Tuareg poɔ, bee Litham Loribi poɔ. A 12th ane 13th-yuomo kɔɔre Mali poɔ, a 14th yuomo kɔɔre Hauza Bakwai ane Songhai Gbandige yuori zɛgeroŋ, ana wagere na tɔgele de la a bonsuuraa ŋa ŋmɛ lantaa ka o e tegeroŋ bommannaa, ka o e bone naŋ na ŋmɛ a sããkoŋ dagakparre-ŋmaa fɛre (zenɛ ba naŋ boɔlɔ dagakparoo bee Gaana deme dagakparre) neɛweere naŋ suuro/noba naŋ ba e nabiiri, bee a Senegalese kparesaaloo, a Loribi gyalaabeɛ/mosulɛɛ ŋmaaroŋ. A boubou/babban-riga/Kulwu suubo o naŋ e bonsuuraa e la bone naŋ yaare Wɛse Afirika Yɛrre poɔ ne a Kanuri, Hauza, Fulani ane Dyula tɔbɔ dadirebe ane Kanuri Yɛrre puoribo naŋ iri yɔ bɔ ziyobo a Wɛse Afirika Yɛrre irigyiŋ poɔ ne a kɔlagere a 1400s poɔ ane gba gaŋ lɛ ziiri Yɛroŋ naŋ ba do zu yaga, a tu a 19th yuomo kɔɔre Fulani Mosulɛɛ puori ane a Faranse ane Nempeɛle wa di nensɔgelɔ naaloŋ naŋ tu.

Yel-erre

Gbɛɛ yaga ba maŋ eŋ la Boubou kaama naŋ kpɛ taa ka o sãã ŋa bommannaa, ane ŋmempuori kparoo bee tigie kparoo ka ba maŋ su o, aseŋ a Yɛrre Eid tigie ayi, kultaa, koe bee nudaare puoruu Musiri (Mosque) gaabo. O leɛ la bone yaga naŋ sage ka ba ennɛ gɛrɛ kpaaroŋ bee lambori paalonne yaga naŋ be Wɛse Afirika poɔ. O kparre korɔ leɛ la baloŋ kyɛŋ boma, ka bidɔɔ maŋ di o kyɛŋ yi saa zie ane ka ba maŋ su a ka a e emmo bommanne.

A boubou pɔgeba ŋmaaroŋ toɔraa be la Mali, Senegal, Gambia, Guinea, Niger, Mauritania ane Wɛse Afirika paalonne yaga zie.

Bonsuuri

Boubou e la bonsugbuli naŋ taa bonsuuri ata lantaa : kuriwogi naŋ maŋ yi a seɛ wa sigi ka ba boɔlɔ ṣòkòtò (ba naŋ boɔlɔ "shokoto" Yoruba poɔ), kparre nuwogiri ane bonwogi yɛloŋ ba naŋ maŋ su pɔge a. A ama ata zaa maŋ e la waaloŋ boŋyeni. Goni ka ba maŋ de maale ne o a mi sããkoŋ kaama eŋ. O seŋ ne la gyeremɛ teroo, a Yoruba Agbada e la bonsuuri yobo ane be o toɔraa ne a Babaringa ane Boubou Kpoŋ.^[2] Ba maŋ maale la a Agbada ŋmaaroŋ tɛɛtɛɛ poɔ, naŋ poɔ aso oke, lace, silk, ane amine kaŋa.

Suubo dɔlɔ

A boubou taa la suubo, gaŋa zaa lɛ fo naŋ na su ka o zɛge do pare fo nakyokyoga wagere kaŋa zaa, na taa a Yɛroŋ lesiri velaa ta wa sãã (nyɛ Najis). A ŋaa na baŋ poɔ la a boubou naŋ maŋ wa yare pɔge a nuuri sigi, nyɔge guri ka o do pare a bɔgebie eŋɛ, naŋ maŋ e ka a sobaŋ wa kyɛnɛ bee sɛre na zeŋ, na ta vɛŋ ka a kparre kpoŋ vu tɛŋɛ, bee guri/wiri a lomboe kaŋa zaa dɔgele o tɔ eŋɛ ne nu, a foɔle a kparoo sigire a domo sɛŋ na (aŋa Tuareg noba naŋ maŋ e lɛ na). Alɛna, a maŋ e la tuo ka fo nyɛ a boubou neɛ naŋ su a lɛ ka o zie zaa ba guri bee wiri.

Tegeroŋ yuori

Boubou yɛrrebo/suubo dakoroŋ poɔ da e la bonsuuraa ko Sahelian noba naŋ leɛrɛ Yɛrre ane Wɛse Afirika Saharan noba, gaŋa zaa Kanuri noba poɔ, kyɛ a yi dadi duobo ane Yɛroŋ yaaroo a irigyiŋ zaa poɔ, o nyɛ la suubo a Wɛse Afirika savaana noba poɔ ane irigyinni naŋ taa kɔɔyɛre. Alɛna, dakoroŋ yɛlɛ wuli ka bal ama Songhai naŋ be Niger ane Mali, Kanuri, Hauza, Dagomba naŋ be Gaana, Mandinka naŋ be Gambia, Susu naŋ be Guinea ane a Temnes naŋ be Sierra Leone namine la da maŋ su boubou.

Zenɛ, Boubou e la kaama bonsuuraa kaŋa nentɛɛtɛɛ yaga zie Wɛse Afirika poɔ, Afirika deme paaloŋ yobo poɔ, ane pampana anaŋ naŋ ba kɔɔre, Bantu noba meŋ gba naŋ be Iisi, Kɔmpare ane Afirika Sensoga poɔ.

Dɔgebo ŋmaaroŋ tɛɛtɛɛ

Ane a zaa ka dɔba bonsuuri gbɛre la, pɔgeba sããkonnoŋ bonsuuri Sahelian Wɛse Afirika kponzie maaloo maŋ yi la taa, ane a lɛ zaa ka gbɛɛ yaga a maŋ su la ne tɛɛtɛɛloŋ. Ziirimine poɔ ama ka ba boɔlɔ m'boubou. Wɛse Afirika irigyinni mine poɔ, a pɔgeba sage teroo bonsuuri e la boubou ŋmaaroŋ, ba naŋ boɔlɔ kparesaaloo, ane ziirimine poɔ laŋmaa bee wagyɛ seɛraa ane zutaraa/duuku la.

Muuli kyɛ meŋ nyɛ

Sommo Yizie

Le Boubou—C'est Chic: Les boubous du Mali et d'autres pays de l'Afrique de l'Ouest - Book Review. Kristyne Loughran. African Arts, Summer 2002.
Ettagale Blauer. African Elegance. New York: Rizzoli, 1999.
Frances Kennett and Caroline MacDonald-Haig. Ethnic Dress. New York: Facts on File, 1994.

↑ Mchunu, Khaya (2023). "The Boubou and Post-Colonial African Musical Performances: Ami Koïta, Bi Kidude, and Sibongile Khumalo". Fashion Theory. 27.3: 411–441.
↑ Shelton, Austin J. (1975). "Clothes philosophy and African literature: a mirror for typologists". Transition. 47: 12–16.

[1] Mchunu, Khaya (2023). "The Boubou and Post-Colonial African Musical Performances: Ami Koïta, Bi Kidude, and Sibongile Khumalo". Fashion Theory. 27.3: 411–441.

[2] Shelton, Austin J. (1975). "Clothes philosophy and African literature: a mirror for typologists". Transition. 47: 12–16.

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