Atlantic Slave Trade

slavery in Africa

aspect in a geographic region

Aŋa yitaalombile	slavery
Facet of	slavery

Atlantic slave trade bee transatlantic slave trade taa la a sori-tu ko a slave traders nang e a enslaved African nang be a Americas. European slave ships gbɛɛ gyamaa mang tong neng la a triangular trade route ane o Middle Passage. Europeans da maale la a coastal slave trade nang da e a 15th century, a da mang taa koɔrong neng a Americas da piilee a 16th century, nang da koɔre ta a 19th century. Ba gyamaa zie da gaa be la a transatlantic slave trade nang da yi a Central Africa ane West Africa ky ɛda taa koɔrong ko a West African slave traders a ko a European slave traders, kyɛ bamine da paale a slave traders nang be a coastal raids. European slave traders nang da lang ba taa kyɛ da pɔge ba African coast ky ɛka ba da de ba wanne a Americas. A Portuguese ane Europeans nang da paale a slave raids. A National Museums Liverpool da manɛɛ: "European traders da nyɔgɛɛ Africans nang peɛle a coast, kyɛ da da amine yineng a local African bee African-European dealers." European slave traders nang da ba paale a slave raids. ŋaa da ba taa tona ko a Europeans nang be sub-Saharan Africa da ba maale ta yuong gbuli kyɛ da nang be a slave trade yi a malaria nang da taa yelwonaa ko a African continent. Portuguese coastal so-tuuribo da ny3 la a slave so-tuubu da do la saa te gaali da ta wagere mine da ba maale taa tona ka ba da leɛ ded o ka o maale neng commercial relations.

A colonial South Atlantic ane Caribbean economies da tona la bamenne toma a slave labour kyaare neng a sugarcane maaloo ane boŋkoɔre mine. Ba da nyɛ la ama ka o da e a Western European states nang da de bamenne ka o da e yelsonne ko a empires.

Slave market regions ane paabo

• Senegambia (Senegal ane a Gambia): 4.8%
• Upper Guinea (Guinea-Bissau, Guinea ane Sierra Leone): 4.1%
• Windward Coast (Liberia ane Ivory Coast): 1.8%
• Gold Coast (Ghana ane east ko Ivory Coast): 10.4%
• Bight of Benin (Togo, Benin ane Nigeria west ko a Niger Delta): 20.2%
• Bight of Biafra (Nigeria east ko a Niger Delta, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea ane Gabon): 14.6%
• West Central Africa (Republic ko a Congo, Democratic Republic ko a Congo ane Angola): 39.4%
• Southeastern Africa (Mozambique ane Madagascar): 4.7%

Ethnic kpaarong sere

1. A BaKongo ko a Democratic Republic nang be a Congo, a Republic nang be a Congo ane Angola
2. A Mandé ko Upper Guinea
3. A Gbe speakers ko Togo, Ghana, ane Benin (Fon, Ewe, Adja, Mina)
4. A Akan of Ghana and Ivory Coast
5. A Wolof ko Senegal and the Gambia
6. A Igbo ko southeastern Nigeria
7. A Ambundu of Angola
8. A Yoruba ko southwestern Nigeria ane Benin
9. A Tikar ane Bamileke ko Cameroon
10. A Makua ko Mozambique

Destinations ane flags ko toma

Flag of vessels carrying the slaves

Destination	Portuguese	British	French	Spanish	Dutch	American	Danish	Total
Portuguese Brazil	4,821,127	3,804	9,402	1,033	27,702	1,174	130	4,864,372
British Caribbean	7,919	2,208,296	22,920	5,795	6,996	64,836	1,489	2,318,251
French Caribbean	2,562	90,984	1,003,905	725	12,736	6,242	3,062	1,120,216
Spanish Americas	195,482	103,009	92,944	808,851	24,197	54,901	13,527	1,061,524
Dutch Americas	500	32,446	5,189	0	392,022	9,574	4,998	444,729
North America	382	264,910	8,877	1,851	1,212	110,532	983	388,747
Danish West Indies	0	25,594	7,782	277	5,161	2,799	67,385	108,998
Europe	2,636	3,438	664	0	2,004	119	0	8,861
Africa	69,206	841	13,282	66,391	3,210	2,476	162	155,568
did not arrive	748,452	526,121	216,439	176,601	79,096	52,673	19,304	1,818,686
Total	5,848,266	3,259,443	1,381,404	1,061,524	554,336	305,326	111,040	12,521,339

Source of slaves, by region

Region	Embarked	Disembarked	did not arrive	% did not arrive
Angola Coast, Loango Coast, and Saint Helena	5,694,570	4,955,430	739,140	12.98%
Bight of Benin	1,999,060	1,724,834	274,226	13.72%
Bight of Biafra	1,594,564	1,317,776	276,788	17.36%
Gold Coast	1,209,322	1,030,917	178,405	14.75%
Senegambia and off-shore Atlantic	755,515	611,017	144,498	19.13%
Southeast Africa and Indian Ocean islands	542,668	436,529	106,139	19.56%
Sierra Leone	388,771	338,783	49,988	12.87%
Windward Coast	336,869	287,366	49,503	14.70%
Total	12,521,339	10,702,652	1,818,687	14.52%

Effects

World population (in millions) Year 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 1999 World 791 978 1,262 1,650 2,521 5,978 Africa 106 107 111 133 221 767 Asia 502 635 809 947 1,402 3,634 Europe 163 203 276 408 547 729 Latin America and the Caribbean 16 24 38 74 167 511 Northern America 2 7 26 82 172 307 Oceania 2 2 2 6 13 30

World population (by percentage distribution) Year 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 1999 World 100 100 100 100 100 100 Africa 13.4 10.9 8.8 8.1 8.8 12.8 Asia 63.5 64.9 64.1 57.4 55.6 60.8 Europe 20.6 20.8 21.9 24.7 21.7 12.2 Latin America and the Caribbean 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.5 6.6 8.5 Northern America 0.3 0.7 2.1 5.0 6.8 5.1 Oceania 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5

Meng kaa kyԑ

• Amerindian slave ownership
• Atlantic history
• Abolition of slavery in Spain
• Atlantic slave trade to Brazil
• Balkan slave trade
• Barbary slave trade
• Biography and the Black Atlantic
• Blackbirding
• Black Sea slave trade
• Bristol slave trade (UK)
• Edward Colston
• European enslavement of Indigenous Americans
• Indian indenture system
• Indian Ocean slave trade
• Liverpool slave trade
• Piracy
• Red Sea slave trade
• The Slave Route Project
• Slave Trade Acts
• Slavery in Brazil
• Slavery in Britain
• Slavery in Canada
• Slavery in contemporary Africa
• Slavery in pre-Columbian America
• Slavery in South Africa
• Slavery in the British and French Caribbean
• Slavery in the colonial United States
• Slavery in the Ottoman Empire
• Slavery in the Spanish New World colonies
• Slavery in the United States
• Tobacco and Slaves (1986 book)
• Trans-Saharan slave trade
• United States labor law
• Zephaniah Kingsley